Introduction & Objective: The survey of smoking as the most toxic, common and cheapest ad-diction, and its psychological and demographic variables especially among the youth who are efficient and constructive individuals of the society is of great importance. This study was performed to compare efficacy and threat perception in predicting cigarette smoking among university students based on E...

The purpose of present research is to investigate the relation between perception of classroom learning environment and academic resilience in middle school students in the district 2 of Torbate heydariye city. For this purpose a total of 250 boys in the middle school level was selected, using convenience sampling method, in order to participate in the research. For the purpose of data collecti...

Background & Aim: Health is one of the vital concepts in every society which is affected by several factors including age, gender and social situation of the people. Individuals;apos perception of health concept is also of paramount importance. The main objective of this study is to determine health concept perceptions and health promoting behaviors among Tehran University medical and non-medic...

Purpose: Academic engagement as a basis for reformist efforts in the field of education is very important in achieving learning experience so that indirectly guarantees studentschr('39') academic achievement. Therefore, purpose of this study was to prediction of academic engagement based on academic optimism, perception competence and achievement emotions in students. The descriptive- correlati...