Background: Simultaneous exposure to noise and organic solvents such as styrene is an indispensable part of today’s industries. Numerous studies were done related to ototoxic effects of co-exposure to noise and styrene while some evidences showed the adverse effects of such exposure on other organs. In this study, we aimed to assess the subacute effects of combined exposure to noise and s...

Background Styrene is a versatile commodity petrochemical used as a monomer building-block for the synthesis of many useful polymers. Although achievements have been made on styrene biosynthesis in microorganisms, several bottleneck problems limit factors for further improvement in styrene production. Results A two-step styrene biosynthesis pathway was developed and introduced into Escherichi...

Processing ionomers is complicated by their ability to exhibit brittle fracture even in the melt state. This work introduces a new strategy for providing with good flowability, extensibili...

AIMS To investigate the relation between colour vision loss and the exposure level of styrene. Exposure level included the current exposure concentration, past cumulative exposure, and the maximum exposure level in the past. METHODS Colour vision was examined by the Lanthony desaturated panel D-15 test for 76 subjects exposed to styrene in a fibreglass reinforced plastics boat plant (as an ex...

Eight male workers from a glass reinforced plastics industry were experimentally exposed for 2 hours to 2.84 mmol/m3 (296 mg/m3) styrene during light physical exercise (50 W). About 63% of the amount supplied (4.6 mmol styrene) was taken up in the body. The arterial blood concentration of styrene reached a relatively stable level of 15 mumol/l at the end of exposure which was about 70% of the b...

Composite materials made with vinyl ester resins are lighter, stronger and corrosion resistant compared to most metals, and are increasingly being used as building materials and in public transportation. Styrene monomer is used as both a diluent and strengthener in the production of vinyl ester resin (VER) composites. Some researchers contend that free styrene in VER composites is available to ...

Styrene induces sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in human whole-blood lymphocyte cultures without exogenous metabolizing systems, which indicates that styrene is metabolically activated in this in vitro system. Whole-blood lymphocyte cultures from 11 male donors showed a clear increase in SCEs after a 48-hr treatment with styrene (2 mM) or with the reactive metabolite styrene 7,8-oxide (0.15 m...

Polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) membranes are subject to radical-induced degradation. Antioxidant strategies for hydrocarbon-based ionomers containing aromatic units can focus on intermediates that formed upon attack by hydroxyl radicals (HO · ). Among the different intermediates, cation radical P ·+ is most promising target repair, example cerium(III). For “repair” reaction of Ce(III) wit...

The absorption, blood levels, distribution, excretion, and biotransformation of styrene in man and experimental animals are briefly reviewed. The acute toxicity of styrene appears to be unrelated to its biotransformation. Reports of organ toxicity upon chronic exposure to styrene are rare; however, since the chief intermediate in styrene metabolism is an epoxide, hepatotoxicity due to covalent ...