Phrenic nerve transfer is a major dynamic treatment used to repair brachial plexus root avulsion. We analyzed 72 relevant articles on phrenic nerve transfer to repair injured brachial plexus that were indexed by Science Citation Index. The keywords searched were brachial plexus injury, phrenic nerve, repair, surgery, protection, nerve transfer, and nerve graft. In addition, we performed neuroph...

In the treatment of brachial plexus injury, nerves that are functionally less important are transferred onto the distal ends of damaged crucial nerves to help recover neuromuscular function in the target region. For example, intercostal nerves are transferred onto axillary nerves, and accessory nerves are transferred onto suprascapular nerves, the phrenic nerve is transferred onto the musculocu...

A comparative study between anatomical landmark and nerve stimulator guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block for neurovascular variations in topographic anatomy of brachial plexus. In the backdrop of our country, nerve stimulator is still not available in many centres and many anesthetists do not yet have the proper expertise and experience in giving nerve stimulator guided brachial plexus...

The diagnosis of brachial plexus avulsion is often delayed by concomitant trauma to the arm and shoulder. Therefore, nerve transfer surgery restore elbow shoulder function rarely reported. We present our initial experience double fascicular for upper avulsion. A 26-year-old male patient presented with a 5-month history unresolving pain paralysis involving his left following motorcycle accident....

  Background: Variations of the brachial plexus are common and a better awareness of the variations is of crucial importance to achieve successful results in its surgical procedures. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anatomical variations of the brachial plexus in adult cadavers.   Methods: Bilateral upper limbs of 32 fresh cadavers (21 males and 11 females) consecutively referre...

The sciatic nerve is a largest single nerve of the lumbosacral nervous plexus. This nerve innervates all muscles of the leg and foot as well as the flexor muscles of the knee joint. Many variations in the direction and relations of sciatic nerve were described. The current case report presented a thick septum situated posterior to the sciatic nerve and its branches spread throughout the back of...

OBJECTIVES The efficacy of combined lumbar plexus-sciatic nerve blocks was compared to epidural anesthesia in patients undergoing total knee surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 80 American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status I-III patients (age range 18 to 65) undergoing knee surgery. The patients were randomly divided into one of two groups. Epidural anesthesia wa...

Basic studies were carried out to apply frozen allogeneic nerve grafts in dogs after wide-ranging defects of the brachial plexus due to surgical resection of tumor. In this study, morphological variations in branching patterns of the brachial plexus were examined in ten beagle dogs, to evaluate whether the brachial plexus might represent a useful source of allogeneic nerve grafts. Spatial relat...