pricing policies play an important role in water demand management and its optimal allocation. determining proper water price leads to optimal allocation of water especially in agricultural consumptions. applying new subsidy targeting law in iran which insists on pricing water based on its supply cost, will effects considerably on water resource management in agriculture sector. so, in this stu...

We investigate an automobile supply chain where a manufacturer and a retailer serve a market with a fuel-effi cient automobile under a scrappage program by the government. The program awards a subsidy to each consumer who trades in his or her used automobile with a new fuel-effi cient automobile, if the manufacturer’s suggested retail price (MSRP) for the new one does not exceed a cutoff level....

This paper presents new evidence of the effect of the tax subsidy to employer-provided health insurance on coverage by such insurance. I study the effects of a 1993 tax change that reduced the tax subsidy to employer-provided supplementary health insurance in Quebec by almost 60%. Using a differences-in-differences methodology in which changes in Quebec are compared to changes in other province...

The development of small developing states has long been influenced by foreign aid. Apart from the macro benefits of bridging the savings and investment gap and building the foreign exchange gap, it is also said to stabilise output price, provide price certainty and affect output price positively. In this paper I examine these three aspects in detail with respect to the price subsidy that Fiji’...

In this paper, I study the impact of peer effects on the demand for a healthcare good and the subsequent welfare effects of a subsidy program towards its provision. Households face a choice of whether or not to adopt/buy a preventive healthcare good. An interesting characteristic, is that the take-up/consumption of such goods generate positive externalities. In this case, the outcome is such th...

a r t i c l e i n f o A good harvest usually leads to a collapse of agricultural prices since the price elasticity of agricultural products is relatively low. To stabilize the market and protect farmers, many countries have introduced a target zone policy, together with product purchasing or price subsidy strategies. This article analyzes the effect of a target zone with different strategies op...

A key aspect of sustainable development in a country is how energy, environment and economic sectors interact. Greenhouse gas emissions and their impacts are among important environmental issues that have been in focus. The increase in the concentration of these gases in atmosphere to levels above the natural level results in global warming, depletion of the Earth’s protective layer against har...

BACKGROUND Malaria causes ill health and death in Africa. Treating illness promptly with artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is likely to cure people and avoid the disease progressing to more severe forms and death. In many countries, ACT use remains low. Part of the problem is that most people seek treatment from the retail sector where ACTs are expensive; this expense is a barrier to ...

Utility of efficient automobiles has compelled us to explore various aspect its promotion. Our manuscript analyzes a monopolistic automobile manufacturer trying produce vehicles along with traditional vehicles. A utility-based dynamic production design been studied under price-dependent subsidy (PDS) model the effects government on manufacturing Battery-operated (BOV) and Diesel (DV). We have c...