Introduction: The presence of subsurface water ice on Mars has now been recognized by several instruments, including in situ observation by the Phoenix Lander in high-latitude region [1]. This ice could represent a significant water reservoir and might participate actively in the global Mars water cycle [2]. Subsurface water ice is supposed to be buried below an ice-free regolith layer, produce...

The effects of abundant Mancozeb (Mn, Zn-bisdithiocarbamate) applications (2.5 kg ha⁻¹week⁻¹ for 10 years) on soil and surface-, subsurface- and groundwater pollution were monitored in a banana production region of tropical Mexico. In soils, severe manganese accumulation was observed, wheras the main metabolite ethylenethiourea was near the detection limit. Surface and subsurface water was high...

there are human and animal health concerns related to drainage systems because nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, can contaminate water supplies. a field study was conducted on consolidated paddy fields of sari agricultural sciences and natural resources university, northern iran (36.3°n, 53.04°e), to determine the effect of subsurface drain depth and spacing on nitrogen (n) and pho...

43 A is an important water management practice in the midwestern United States to remove excess water from poorly drained areas and to provide traffi cable conditions for agricultural production. About 30% of the total land area and 50% of the crop land in Indiana is subsurface drained (Economic Research Service, 1987). Th ere are growing concerns about the potential negative environmental impa...

Contaminant Geochemistry: Interactions and Transport in the Subsurface Environment combines the earth science fields of subsurface hydrology and environmental geochemistry and aims to provide a comprehensive background for students and researchers interested in protection and sustainable management of the subsurface environment. This book focuses on the upper part of the earth’s crust, covering...

The present paper provides results of a study on heterotrophic bacteria occurrence and quantity in the biofilm and subsurface water of lake Jeziorak Maty. Degradation of several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH's) (anthracene, naphthalene) by neustonic and planktonic bacteria have been examined. It has been discovered that some aromatic hydrocarbons were better decomposed by neustonic bact...

We have reexamined the question of extant microbial life on Mars in light of the most recent information about the planet and recently discovered nonphotosynthetic microbial ecosystems on Earth--deep sea hydrothermal vent communities and deep subsurface aquifer communities. On Mars, protected subsurface niches associated with hydrothermal activity could have continued to support life even afte...

Tile drains and French drains are typically used to control subsurface drainage, especially on greens and fairways with shallow water tables or fine soil texture. Tile drains are defined as "drains constructed by laying drain tile with unsealed joints in the bottom of a trench which is then refilled," whereas French drains are a "type of drain consisting of an excavated trench, refilled with pe...

[1] Carbon dynamics in peatlands are controlled, in large part, by their wetness as defined by water table depth and volumetric liquid soil moisture content. A common type of peatland is raised bogs that typically have a multiple-layer canopy of vascular plants over a Sphagnum moss ground cover. Their convex form restricts water supply to precipitation and water is shed toward the margins, usua...