The formation control of a long-distance, drag-free, low-thrust, low-Earth orbit satellite is outlined, in view of future Earth-gravity monitoring missions employing long baseline interferometry (> 10 km) and lasting at least six years. To this purpose, a formation consisting of two drag-free satellites, orbiting at a fixed distance in a sun-synchronous orbit, has been proposed as a baseline. F...

[1] The Ulysses spacecraft has shown that the radial component of the heliospheric magnetic field is approximately independent of latitude. This has allowed quantification of the total open solar flux from near-Earth observations of the interplanetary magnetic field. The open flux can also be estimated from photospheric magnetograms by mapping the fields up to the ‘‘coronal source surface’’ whe...

Since the 1970s it has been empirically known that area of solar coronal holes affects properties high-speed wind streams (HSSs) at Earth. We derive a simple analytical model for propagation HSSs from Sun to Earth and thereby show how size their boundary regions affect HSS velocity, temperature, density near assume profiles form across cross section close these spatial translate into correspond...

The main idea of this challenging research is to revisit the solar-centric dynamics Earth around Sun in analysis its position on 13 April 2029 close asteroid Apophis which supposed be moving fly-by near orbit. As now, we can sure that trajectory well-known with respect center Sun. Also, NASA experts calculated relative distance between and should less than 38 thousand kilometers during closest ...

The formation control of a long-distance, drag-free, low-thrust, low-Earth orbit satellite is outlined, in view of future Earth-gravity monitoring missions employing long baseline interferometry (> 10 km) and lasting at least six years. To this purpose, a formation consisting of two drag-free satellites, orbiting at a fixed distance in a sun-synchronous orbit, has been proposed. Formation fluct...

The Sun was fainter when the Earth was young, but the climate was generally at least as warm as today; this is known as the ‘faint young Sun paradox’. Rosing et al. [1] claim that the paradox can be resolved by making the early Earth’s clouds and surface less reflective. We show that, even with the strongest plausible assumptions, reducing cloud and surface albedos falls short by a factor of tw...

energy—enough to power the great oceanic and atmospheric currents, the cycle of evaporation and condensation that brings fresh water inland and drives river flow, and the typhoons, hurricanes, and tornadoes that so easily destroy the natural and built landscape. The San Francisco earthquake of 1906, with magnitude 7.8, released an estimated 1017 joules of energy, the amount the Sun delivers to ...

We present the result of an indirect search for high energy neutrinos from WIMP annihilation in the Sun and in the Earth using upward-going muon events at Super-Kamiokande. Datasets from SKI-SKIII (3109.6 days) were used for the analysis. We looked for excesses of neutrino signal from the Sun and the Earth as compared with the expected atmospheric neutrino background in three types of upward-go...

The Sun was fainter when the Earth was young, but the climate was generally at least as warm as today; this is known as the ‘faint young Sun paradox’. Rosing et al. [1] claim that the paradox can be resolved by making the early Earth’s clouds and surface less reflective. We show that, even with the strongest plausible assumptions, reducing cloud and surface albedos falls short by a factor of tw...

A super-light sterile neutrino was proposed to explain the absence of the expected upturn of the survival probability of low energy solar boron neutrinos. This is because this super-light sterile neutrino can oscillate efficiently with electron neutrino through a MSW resonance happened in Sun. One may naturally expect that a similar resonance should happen for neutrinos propagating in Earth mat...