The extraction of liquid or moist biological materials almost invariably involves preliminary drying of the sample. This is usually accomplished by heating the finely divided specimen on a steam bath or in a drying oven at 1055110’. The length of time necessary for complete dehydration depends upon the surface exposed, the temperature of drying, and the circulation of air above the material. On...

Crude oil is an attractive fuel for energy production, since its use does not require additional processing costs. Existing technologies burning liquid do always ensure the achievement of modern ecological and performance when using highly viscous substandard fuels. This relates to unstable ignition combustion such fuels in chamber, relatively fast coking burner surfaces, etc. The work deals wi...

Two new concepts have been identified for direct steam generating solar fields that charge a two-tank molten salt storage system. The use of both supercritical and superheated subcritical steam is proposed, and discussed in practical terms and with regards to thermodynamic issues of heat transfer to the salt. Both concepts are found to allow significantly higher hot-tank temperatures than solar...

*Correspondence: J. N. Chung, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA e-mail: [email protected] Two concept systems that are based on the thermochemical process of high temperature steam gasification of lignocellulosic biomass and municipal solid waste are introduced.The primary objectives of the concept systems are (1) to develop the ...

The subject of this analysis is a solar power/cooling system based on a novel hybrid steam Rankine cycle. Steam is generated by the use of solar energy collected at about 100°C, and it is then superheated to about 600°C in a fossil-fuel-fired superheater. The addition of about 20-26 percent of energy as fuel doubles the power cycle's efficiency as compared to organic fluid Rankine cycles operat...

The paper presents a novel adaptive sliding mode fuzzy control strategy (AFSMC) for maintaining steam temperature in power plants. The AFSMC consists of a learning algorithm inspired by the sliding-mode control (SMC) and fuzzy gain scheduling integral control to compensate system offsets. The performance index for the learning algorithm has a similar structure to the switching variables derived...