As in many other cities, urbanization coupled with population growth worsens the water supply problem of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, with a water supply deficit of 41% in 2016. To investigate the potential contribution of rooftop rainwater harvesting (RWH) from large public institutions, 320 such institutions were selected and grouped into 11 categories, from which 25-30% representative 588 rooftops...

conventionally, regression and time series analyses have been employed in modeling water demand forecasts. in recent years, the relatively new technique of neural networks (nns) has been proposed as an efficient tool for modeling and forecasting. the objective of this study is to investigate the relatively new technique of gmdh – type neural networks for the use of forecasting long – term urban...

background : collection and storage of roof rain water have been practiced for long time ago in iran and many other countries. water of cisterns is usually used as potable water. in golestan province many of rural torkman residents reservoir the most part of their potable water from roof rain in cisterns. in this province there are over 2600 cisterns. methods : to study the water quality, micro...

The incidence of dental fluorosis in Sudan ranges from 4.5–100% depending on the fluoride level in potable water. The present study was designed to determine the maximum safe level for fluoride in potable water under the conditions currently prevailing in the affected areas using the Galagan and Vermillion equation which permits the calculation of the upper permissible fluoride level as a funct...

Objective: Currently, the evaluation of baseflow components have been of a worldwide concern due to the influential role of streamflow (base flow and direct flow)in agriculture, water sources management as well as supplying the potable water. Direct and field measurement of baseflow is not practicable especially in large areas with statistics deficiencies. Also, this would not be economically e...

Supplying treated greywater within buildings delivers continuous additional resilience and improvements in water efficiency. This includes the making available (by substitution) of resources suitable for non-potable purposes such as flushing toilets. Thereby, overall daily consumption pristine potable other lower quality uses is reduced. The empirical measurement turbidity was confirmed an accu...

The main objective of this work is to analyse the potential for potable water savings in university buildings by using stormwater collected from permeable pavements. Six located on campus Federal University Santa Catarina (UFSC) were selected obtain monthly consumption patterns and parking lot areas. same six then evaluated considering their location eight different cities Brazil, with rainfall...

A potable water survey, in two important municipalities of the state of Sinaloa, Mexico was conducted. Culiacan, capital city of Sinaloa and its neighboring municipality, Navolato were selected to enumerate Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli, fecal and total coliforms, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Heterotrophic plate count bacteria from 100 households' taps. Manganese; residual chlorine; pH;...

Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in nursing home patients. In acute care hospitals, there is considerable evidence to indicate that Legionnaires' disease is a significant cause of nosocomial pneumonia, the source of which is the potable water system. A relatively limited amount of data exists as to the role of Legionnaires' disease as a cause of pneumonia acquired in long...