Introduction: The prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a cyclooxygenase (COX) product, play critical roles in the synaptic plasticity. Therefore, long term use of COX inhibitors may impair the synaptic plasticity. Considering the wide clinical administration of aspirin and its unknown effects on information processing in the brain, the effect of aspirin and sodium salicylate on the short term synaptic p...

Abstract* Introduction: Chronic morphine exposure can cause addiction and affect synaptic plasticity, but the underlying neural mechanisms of this phenomenon remain unknown. Herein we used electrophysiologic approaches in hippocampal CA1 area to examine the effect of chronic morphine administration on short-term plasticity. Methods: Experiments were carried out on hippocampal slices taken f...

Evidence in animals and humans indicates that there are sensitive periods during development, times when experience or stimulation has a greater influence on behavior and brain structure. Sensitive periods are the result of an interaction between maturational processes and experience-dependent plasticity mechanisms. Previous work from our laboratory has shown that adult musicians who begin trai...

Enduring forms of synaptic plasticity are thought to require ongoing regulation of adhesion molecules, such as N-cadherin, at synaptic junctions. Little is known about the activity-regulated trafficking of adhesion molecules. Here we demonstrate that surface N-cadherin undergoes a surprisingly high basal rate of internalization. Upon activation of NMDA receptors (NMDAR), the rate of N-cadherin ...

Corresponding Author 5 6 Daniel Johnston, Ph.D. 7 Center for Learning and Memory 8 The University of Texas at Austin 9 1, University Station Stop, C7000 10 Austin, TX 78712-0805, USA. 11 12 e-mail: [email protected] 13 Phone: 512-232-6564 14 Fax: 512-475-8000 15 16 17 † Present Address: 18 19 Rishikesh Narayanan, Ph.D. 20 Molecular Biophysics Unit 21 Indian Institute of Science 22 B...

Synaptic plasticity is defined as the ability of synapses to change their strength of transmission. Plasticity of synaptic connections in the brain is a major focus of neuroscience research, as it is the primary mechanism underpinning learning and memory. Beyond the brain however, plasticity in peripheral neurons is less well understood, particularly in the neurons innervating the heart. The at...

Adrian Stokes is giving us a theory of the surface; this is his contribution to architectural analysis; it is a formalism that is not about plasticity, proportion, geometry, spatial deployment or spatial sequence. It is an appreciation of surface that isn’t incidental in its exclusions (interior spaces), but that sees the surface as uniquely 1) the place that unleashes another type of spatialit...

In situ Transmission Electron Microscopy (in TEM) tensile tests of single crystal nickel were performed in order to correlate direct observations of nanostructural changes resulting from applied mechanical and electrical stimuli an effort provide clarity on the mechanisms of electroplasticity (EP). A dual-tensile geometry was tested with push-to-pull device (EPTP) digital image correlation (DIC...

Increasing data suggest that impairments of cellular plasticity underlie the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder. In this context, it is noteworthy that AMPA glutamate receptor trafficking regulates synaptic plasticity, effects mediated by signaling cascades, which are targets for antimanic agents. The present studies were undertaken to determine whether two clinically effective, but structural...

expansive behavior is usually observed in soils, which contain fractions of clay minerals in their composition. water absorption of clay particles and change of natural water content of soil up to plastic limit and down to shrinkage limit will cause significant volume change in expansive soils and will result in severe damages to the structures, buildings and foundations. swelling potential is ...