Dicationic alkylammonium bromide gemini surfactants represent a class of amphiphiles potentially effective as skin permeation enhancers. However, only a limited number of studies has been dedicated to the evaluation of the respective cytotoxicity, and none directed to skin irritation endpoints. Supported on a cell viability study, the cytotoxicity of gemini surfactants of variable tail and spac...

Surfactants are extensively employed in industrial, agricultural, and food, cosmetics pharmaceuticals applications. Chemically produced surfactants cause environmental toxicological hazards. Recently, considerable research has led to environmentally friendly procedures for the synthesis of several forms biosurfactants from microorganisms. In comparison chemical surfactants, have advantages, suc...

this paper presents the development of a model for evaluating adsorbable organic halogens’(aox) removal efficiency during wastewater treatment by using the micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (meuf)technique. surfactants can form larger aggregates (micelles) were prepared into which aoxs dissolve and arethen retained by the membrane. synthetic wastewater samples containing certain concentrations ...

Currently, surfactants are widely distributed in the environment. As organic pollutants, their toxicities have drawn extensive attention. In this study, the effects of anionic [sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS)], cationic [dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (1227)] and non-ionic [fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO)] surfactants on zebrafish larval behaviour were evaluated. Five behavio...

The surface force profiles between an atomic force microscopy (AFM) tip and a self-assembled monolayer of noctadecyltrichlorosilane on oxidized silicon were measured in an ABA triblock series of silicone and Pluronic surfactant solutions. Changes in steric force barrier thickness and height were examined as a function of hydrophobic and hydrophilic block size and ethanol to water ratio in mixed...

Bis(diphenylphosphino)alkanes quantitatively react with excess 1-bromododecane to prepare novel phosphonium gemini surfactants with spacer lengths ranging from 2 to 4 methylenes (12-2/3/4-12P). Dodecyltriphenylphosphonium bromide (DTPP), a monomeric surfactant analog, was readily water soluble, however, in sharp contrast, phosphonium gemini surfactants were poorly soluble in water due to two hy...

Surfactants are used as additives in topical pharmaceuticals and drug delivery systems. The biocompatibility of amino acid-based surfactants makes them highly suitable for use in these fields, but tests are needed to evaluate their potential toxicity. Here we addressed the sensitivity of tumor (HeLa, MCF-7) and non-tumor (3T3, 3T6, HaCaT, NCTC 2544) cell lines to the toxic effects of lysine-bas...

The toxicity and environmental behavior of new pH-sensitive surfactants from lysine are presented. Three different chemical structures are studied: surfactants with one amino acid and one alkyl chain, surfactants with two amino acids on the polar head and one alkyl chain, and gemini surfactants. The pH sensitivity of these compounds can be tuned by modifying their chemical structures. Cytotoxic...

OBJECTIVE To review current knowledge about the use of exogenous surfactants in the treatment of different lung diseases causing acute respiratory failure in children. SOURCE OF DATA This review is based on the author's experience and on recent data retrieved from ONIA, Mdconsult, Medline and the Cochrane Database Library. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS In spite of the success of the use of exogen...