In surrogate pregnancies genetic parents have little opportunity for early bonding with their infants either prenatally (in utero) or during the immediate postnatal period. Procedures commonly used to induce lactation include both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic methods often in combination. Studies reporting induced lactation are sparse due to the rarity of augmented lactation. Here we repo...

INTRODUCTION Asthma is the commonest chronic condition of children. Diagnosis remains difficult and many surrogate markers are used, such as documenting evidence of atopy. METHOD Two studies investigated the role of atopy in childhood asthma. The first documented the prevalence and nature of allergy sensitivities in a group of asthmatic children compared with non-asthmatic children in Pretori...

The observation that maternal infection increases the risk for schizophrenia in the offspring suggests that the maternal immune system plays a key role in the etiology of schizophrenia. In a mouse model, maternal immune activation (MIA) by injection of poly(I:C) yields adult offspring that display abnormalities in a variety of behaviors relevant to schizophrenia. As abnormalities in the hippoca...

A special class of the knapsack problem is called the separable nonlinear knapsack problem. This problem has received considerable attention recently because of its numerous applications. Dynamic programming is one of the basic approaches for solving this problem. Unfortunately, the size of state-pace will dramatically increase and cause the dimensionality problem. In this paper, an efficient a...

In this paper, we have outlined the surrogate management framework for optimization of expensive functions. An initial simple iterative method which we call the “Strawman” method illustrates how surrogates can be incorporated into optimization to stand in for the most expensive function. These ideas are made rigorous by incorporating them into the framework of pattern search methods. The SMF al...

In this paper an imaging system for road traffic conflict analysis is proposed. The system exploits geo-referenced stereo sequences and tracking procedure to compute traffic conflict measures which can be analysed by experts. Using the potentiality of the traffic conflict technique as a surrogate safety measure could constitute an effective tool in understanding how the driver interacts and ada...