Life expectancy increased by 5 years between 2000 and 2015, the fastest increase since the 1960s. Those gains reverse declines during the 1990s, when life expectancy fell in Africa because of the AIDS epidemic and in Eastern Europe following the collapse of the Soviet Union. The increase was greatest in the African Region of WHO where life expectancy increased by 9.4 years to 60 years, driven m...

This paper considers how and why natural selection might promote or block the photoperiodic regulation of a mammal's reproduction. The factors most important in making this decision would seem to be the following: life expectancy, length of the female's cycle, feeding strategy, the presence or absence of survival mechanisms like hibernation, and the nature of the seasonal challenges offered by ...

Life Expectancy in PatientsWith Chronic HCV Infection and Cirrhosis ComparedWith a General Population Almost 3millionpeople in theUnited States are chronically infectedwith thehepatitis C virus (HCV).1 The life expectancy of patientswith chronicHCV infection is reduced comparedwith the general population, largely attributable to the development of cirrhosis, liver failure, andhepatocellular car...

The share of increases in life expectancy realized after age 65 was only about 20 percent at the beginning of the 20th century for the US and 16 other countries at comparable stages of development; but that share was close to 80 percent by the dawn of the 21st century, and is almost certainly approaching 100 percent asymptotically. This new demographic transition portends a diminished survival ...

1 Life expectancy in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) has increased dramatically since 1950, largely as a result of medical and public health interventions that sharply cut the death toll from the most virulent infectious diseases and enabled many more children to survive to adulthood. Longer lives have combined with lower fertility to produce profound shifts in the age composition of coun...

To calculate the expected present value (EPV) of a plaintiff's lifetime cost of care we require a survival distribution or a life table. Several methods for producing an approximate distribution are currently used. The most common of these may be "rating up": a plaintiff with a reduced life expectancy is assigned a rated age, older than the actual age, chosen to give the correct life expectancy...

Life expectancy increased by 5 years between 2000 and 2015, the fastest increase since the 1960s. Those gains reverse declines during the 1990s, when life expectancy fell in Africa because of the AIDS epidemic and in Eastern Europe following the collapse of the Soviet Union. The increase was greatest in the African Region of WHO where life expectancy increased by 9.4 years to 60 years, driven m...

OBJECTIVE To systematically identify and summarise the literature on perceived life expectancy among individuals with non-cancer chronic disease. SETTING Published and grey literature up to and including September 2016 where adults with non-cancer chronic disease were asked to estimate their own life expectancy. PARTICIPANTS From 6837 screened titles, 9 articles were identified that met pre...

We provide a simple VBA/Excel program that decomposes by age a difference between two values of a life-table based quantity. For example, one might want to know what are contributions of different ages into the total difference between two populations in: values of life expectancy at birth or of temporary life expectancy between exact ages 20 and 65 or of standard deviation of ages at death ove...

OBJECTIVES Internal organ involvement reduces the life expectancy of SSc patients. Cardiopulmonary manifestations are currently the primary cause of death. We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to define more precise effect estimates of different cardiopulmonary manifestations and to verify trends in the mortality of SSc. METHODS A systematic literature search was performe...