This issue's "Legal Briefing" column covers legal developments pertaining to conscience clauses and conscientious refusal. Not only has this topic been the subject of recent articles in this journal, but it has also been the subject of numerous public and professional discussions. Over the past several months, conscientious refusal disputes have had an unusually high profile not only in courtho...

Credited with transforming North Korea into a green and livable people’s land due to his environmental vision, Kim Il Sung often pointed out serious environmental degradation, such as air pollution in industrial cities, water pollution, and deforestation. Eventually, the leadership turned to laws for better implementation of environmental protection. In explaining this law-making process, this ...

prerequisite for embrace of islam is acceptance of faith principles such as monotheism, prophecy, existence in the hereafter and in the shiite religion background, faith to two other principles, justice and pontificate. therefore, knowledge and certainty are criterion and imitative acceptance of these principles is not correct. for believer human, islam has determined practical programs that na...

BACKGROUND A SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis is a strategic management tool applied to policy planning and decision-making. This short report presents the results of a SWOT analysis, carried out with n = 16 stakeholders i) involved in the pig industry in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland, and ii) in general animal welfare and food safety policy areas....

at present, new tendencies in international commercial arbitration try to delocalize and gives more independence to arbitration, from national laws. the ultimate degree of this independency is demonstrated in lex mercatoria theory. in recent years this theory has been gone beyond the frontiers of pure theory and entered into the national laws of some countries such as netherlands, france and in...

I start with de Soto’s thesis that the poor of the world would prefer capitalism if they could obtain it at a reasonable price. De Soto points out that poor countries lack the institutions to convert their wealth into working capital. The laws are in place in nearly all countries: there are laws defining ownership in land, land registration, and mortgages. These laws are just not used. Why? The...

Laws and regulations are among the most effective mechanisms for getting large segments of the population to adopt safety behaviors. These have been applied at both the state and federal levels for diverse injury issues. Certain legal actions are taken to prevent the occurrence of an otherwise injury-producing event, while other legal actions are designed to prevent injury once an event has occ...

as a result of rule of law ideal, judges are required to act in accordance with laws. the ideal is justified by some political values: political liberty, legal liberty , personal liberty and equality. citizens are subject only to the law not to the arbitrary will or judgment of another who wields coercive government power. but in some cases law is indeterminate. in these cases there is an impor...

Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis is a popular tool which examines strengths and weaknesses (internal factors) of an organization or industry together with opportunities and threats (external factors) of the marketplace environment. SWOT analysis is the best method to provide the basic outline to take strategic decisions. In this study, we have integrated SWOT ana...