The concentration of lactic acid in synovial fluid was estimated in 43 specimens from patients with an acute monoarthritis by a simple enzyme method. In 9 patients with 10 episodes of septic arthritis concentrations of synovial fluid lactic acid were significantly higher (mean 10.8 mmol/l) than in 33 patients with nonseptic effusions (mean 3.1 mmol/l). With this method concentrations of synovia...

BACKGROUND Synovial fluid biomarkers have demonstrated diagnostic accuracy surpassing the currently used diagnostic tests for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). QUESTIONS/PURPOSES The purpose of this study is to directly compare the sensitivity and specificity of the synovial fluid α-defensin immunoassay to the leukocyte esterase (LE) colorimetric test strip. METHODS Synovial fluid was c...

Adenosine deaminase activity was determined in paired samples of serum and synovial fluid taken from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (n = 12), reactive arthritis (n = 13), and osteoarthritis (n = 7), and the value of this investigation in the diagnosis of synovial swellings was assessed. Increased activity was found in the synovial fluid taken from patients with rheumatoid disease and reacti...

The expression of the costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 was increased on synovial fluid CD19+ B cells as compared to peripheral blood. CD80/CD86 expression on these B cells could be shown to induce alloreactive T cell proliferation in vitro. Most of the synovial fluid B cells belonged to the CD27+IgDclass-switched memory B cell subset. However, almost half of the CD27 negative synovial B ce...

OBJECTIVES To determine whether Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA can be detected in synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS The polymerase chain reaction was applied to cellular components of synovial fluid. RESULTS No evidence of M tuberculosis DNA was found in synovial fluid from 31 patients with RA and 13 control patients. CONCLUSION The findings do not support...

Synovial fluid is not a static pool, but is continually being absorbed and replenished by the synovial lining of the joint cavity (synovium, synovial intima), which is approximately 20 ,m thick (rabbit knee) to approximately 60 pm thick (human knee). The three key elements for fluid turnover are the synovial capillary, synovial interstitium, and the lymphatic drainage system. Synovial capillari...

Synovial joints are generally considered to consist of a number of discrete elements (capsule, cartilaginous articular surfaces, synovial fluid, and synovium'); and synovial fluid is regarded as a body fluid lying within a tissue space bounded by synovium. Because this arrangement is reminiscent of the major body cavities, synovium and synovial fluid are often discussed in similar terms to thos...

Our aim was to identify the nociceptin receptor and its endogenous ligand, nociceptin, in human peripheral tissue. Synovial tissue was obtained from 11 patients (ASA I-III, 66-84 yr) undergoing elective total knee replacement. Synovial fluid was obtained from another 10 patients (ASA I-III, 57-81 yr). Fluid was mixed with trifluoroacetic acid and the tissue with isopentone before freezing at -7...

A feature common to all forms of chronic inflammatory arthritis, irrespective of the possible underlying cause, is the persistent exudation of large numbers of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNL) into synovial fluid. These cells possess potent degradative enzymes and proinflammatory mediators, and their removal is vital to normal inflammatory resolution. A major route of disposal of extravasate...

A high degree of viscosity is the most striking physical attribute of normal synovial fluid. Although its direct relationship to the lubrication of joints remains uncertain, this viscosity still reflects physiologically important properties of hyaluronic acid. The anomalous viscosity which is a particular feature of hyaluronic acid in synovial fluid depends not only on the concentration and pol...