It is well known that the relative motion of many particles can be described by the geodesic deviation equation. Less well known is that the geodesic deviation equation can be derived from the second covariant variation of the point particle’s action. Here it is shown that the second covariant variation of the string action leads to a string deviation equation. This equation is a candidate for ...

This paper introduces DEVIATION, a soft global constraint to obtain balanced solutions. A violation measure of the perfect balance can be defined as the Lp norm of the vector variables minus their mean. SPREAD constraints the sum of square deviations to the mean [5, 7] i.e. the L2 norm. The L1 norm is considered here. Neither criterion subsumes the other but the design of a propagator for L1 is...

Cerium (IV) has a catalytic effect on the very slow redox reaction between gallocyanine and bromate in acidic media. The reaction was monitored spectrophotometrically at 525 nm by a fixed time method of 4.0 rnin from initiation of the reaction. The decrease in absorbance at 525 nm is proportional to the Ce (IV) concentration in the range of 0.005-1.000 and 1.00-10.00 pg. ml-l. The limit of ...

Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis is a technique for estimating the annual rate of exceedance of a specified ground motion at a site due to the known and suspected earthquake sources. A Monte-Carlo approach is utilized to estimate the seismic hazard at a site. This method uses numerous resampling of an earthquake catalog to construct synthetic catalogs to evaluate the ground motion hazard a...

6-chloro-3-hydroxy-2-phenyl-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran CHPB) has been used for the first time as an analytical reagent for the spectrophotometric determination of tungsten. The yellow colored W (VI) – CHPB complex has λmax at 420 nm, is extractable into chloroform from 0.04 – 0.32 M HCl medium containing 0.6 – 1.6 mL of 0.1% CHPB (in acetone). Tungsten (VI) in presence of several cations, anions and...

In this paper, a new algorithm for texture classification based on logical operators is presented. Operators constructed from logical building blocks are convolved with texture images. An optimal set of six operators are selected based on their texture discrimination ability. The responses are then converted to standard deviation matrices computed over a sliding window. Zonal sampling features ...