An efficient method for the synthesis of ester-containing indium homoenolate via a direct insertion of indium into β-halo ester in the presence of CuI/LiCl was described. The synthetic utility of the indium homoenolate was demonstrated by palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling with aryl halides in DMA with wide functional group compatibility.

The Johnson-Claisen rearrangement of D-gluco and L-ido-derived allylic orthoesters afforded gamma,delta-unsaturated ester that on ester reduction, epoxidation, regioselective oxirane opening by sodium azide and hydrogenation led to sugar amino alcohols--immediate precursors for 1-deoxy-homonojirimycin 3a,b, and polyhydroxylated homoazepanes 4a,b. Our synthetic approach and glycosidase inhibitor...

Boat lubricants are continuously released into the marine environment and thereby cause chronic oil pollution. This study aims to isolate lubricant-degrading microorganisms from Thai coastal areas as well as to apply a selected strain for removal of boat lubricants. Ten microorganisms in the genera of Gordonia, Microbacterium, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Brucella, Enterococcus and Candida were ...

(+)-Ryanodine is a natural product modulator of ryanodine receptors, important intracellular calcium ion channels that play a critical role in signal transduction leading to muscle movement and synaptic transmission. Chemical derivatization of (+)-ryanodine has demonstrated that certain peripheral structural modifications can alter its pharmacology, and that the pyrrole-2-carboxylate ester is c...

A deterministic theory describing the behavior of an ultrathin lubricant film between two atomically-smooth solid surfaces is proposed. For the description of lubricant state the parameter of excess volume arising due to chaotization of solid medium structure in the course of melting is introduced. Thermodynamic and shear melting is described consistently. Dependences of friction force on tempe...

INTRODUCTION The diversity in self-identified lesbian and bisexual women's sexual interactions necessitates better understanding of how and when they integrate personal lubricant into different experiences. However, little is known about lesbian and bisexual women's lifetime lubricant use, particularly at the population level. AIMS The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and chara...

BACKGROUND Use of lubricant products is extremely common during receptive anal intercourse (RAI) yet has not been assessed as a risk for acquisition of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). METHODS Between 2006 and 2008, a rectal health and behavior study was conducted in Baltimore and Los Angeles as part of the University of California, Los Angeles Microbicide Development Program (NIAID IP...

BACKGROUND Personal lubricant use is common during anal intercourse. Some water-based products with high osmolality and low pH can damage genital and rectal tissues, and the polymer polyquaternium 15 (PQ15) can enhance HIV replication in vitro. This has raised concerns that lubricants with such properties may increase STD/HIV infection risk, although in vivo evidence is scarce. We use a macaque...

A study of PVD coatings, solid-in-liquid suspensions, and an ashless phosphate ester in oil at the upper die-workpiece interface when cold rotational rotary forging martensitic steel. The aim was to gain tribological insight for advanced near net-shape process development. test method a cylinder upsetting operation using industrial-scale press, lubricants were applied via in-process spraying. F...

A high level of moisture in the insulation system power transformers is often cause their failure. This can be prevented by drying a transformer its place installation. In article application molecular sieves (MS) process was analyzed. The water sorption isotherms 3A MS mineral oil, natural ester, and synthetic ester at 35 °C were determined, which not described literature before. An evaluation...