Abstract Background Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is characterized by increased serum IgG4 concentration and infiltration of + plasma cells in the affected organs. The present study aimed to characterize levels coinhibitory checkpoint molecule, T cell immunoglobulin mucin-containing-molecule-3 (TIM-3), its ligand, galectin-9 (Gal-9), among IgG4-related patients with IgG4-RD variou...

Although myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been demonstrated to contribute to tumor initiation, progression and metastasis, however, which MDSC subsets are preferentially expanded and activated, and what's the key molecular mechanism responsible for specific MDSC subsets in promoting tumor progression need to be fully addressed. Here we identify that Ly6GmiLy6CloCD11b+CXCR2+ subpopu...

background: multiple sclerosis (ms) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (cns) caused by autoreactive t cells against myelin antigens. t-cell immunoglobulin mucin -3 (tim-3) is a negative regulator glycoprotein expressed by a range of immune cells, including, th1 cells, activated cd8+ t cells and in a lower level on th17 cells. a defect in tim-3 regulation has been shown in mu...

T-cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain-containing molecule-3 (Tim-3) was up-regulated on viral specific T cells and contributed to T cells exhaustion during chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, modulation of Tim-3 expression was still not fully elucidated. To evaluate the potential viral and inflammatory factors involved in the inductor of Tim-3 expression on T cells, 76 p...

Identification of the T cell immunoglobulin mucin-domain containing (Tim) gene family introduced a new family of cell surface molecules that is involved in the regulation of immune responses. We previously demonstrated that Tim-3 is expressed on terminally differentiated T helper (Th)1 cells, and serves to regulate Th1 immune responses. Here, we describe the identification and function of Tim-2...