Yoshimatsu H, Yonezawa A, Yao Y, Sugano K, Nakagawa S, Omura T, Matsubara K. Functional involvement of RFVT3/ SLC52A3 in intestinal riboflavin absorption. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 306: G102–G110, 2014. First published November 21, 2013; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00349.2013.—Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is transported across the biological membrane into various organs by transpor...

We previously demonstrated that the Neisseria IgA1 protease cleaves LAMP1 (lysosome-associated membrane protein 1), a major integral membrane glycoprotein of lysosomes, thereby accelerating its degradation rate in infected A431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells and resulting in the alteration of lysosomes in these cells. In this study, we determined whether the IgA1 protease also affects the tra...

Mucin glycoproteins are secreted in large quantities by mucosal epithelia and cell surface mucins are a prominent feature of the glycocalyx of all mucosal epithelia. Currently, studies investigating the gastrointestinal mucosal barrier use either animal experiments or non-in vivo like cell cultures. Many pathogens cause different pathology in mice compared to humans and the in vitro cell cultur...

Background—Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterised by chronic intestinal inflammation and increased epithelial permeability. Both tumour necrosis factor á (TNF-á) and interferon ã (IFN-ã) have been implicated in IBD. Aims—To understand better the eVects of these cytokines on epithelial cell function. Methods—T84 cells were cultured with IFN-ã and TNF-á and changes in transepithelial r...

The almost ubiquitously expressed ClC-2 chloride channel is activated by hyperpolarization and osmotic cell swelling. Osmotic swelling also activates a different class of outwardly rectifying chloride channels, and several reports point to a link between protein tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of these channels. This study examines the possibility that transforming growth factor-alpha (...

Cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1 (CNF1) from Escherichia coli activates the small GTP-binding proteins of the Rho family (Rho, Rac, and Cdc42) by catalyzing their deamidation at a specific glutamine residue. Since RhoA, Rac, and Cdc42 play a pivotal role in cell migration during the early phase of wound repair, we investigated whether CNF1 was able to interfere with wound healing in intestin...

LPS elicits several immediate proinflammatoy responses in peripheral blood leukocytes via a recently described pathway including CD14, Toll-like receptors (TLR), serine-threonine kinases, and NF-kappaB transcription factor. However, the functional responses of intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) to stimulation with LPS are unknown. Expression of mRNA and protein for CD14 and TLRs were assessed by...