J ust after midnight on March 24, 1989, the giant oil tanker Exxon Valdez ran aground on Bligh Reef off the coast of Alaska, spilling almost 21 million gallons of crude oil into the sea. The disaster caused an oil slick that covered 3,000 square miles and contaminated 1,090 miles of coastline along the pristine Prince William Sound, killing thousands of marine creatures and costing Exxon $1.28 ...

(1) A few shipping accidents have caused spectacular local threats to the environment. (2) Leaks in offshore oil well drilling operations have received widespread news coverage. (3) A rising demand for petroleum products throughout the world complicated by political considerations has produced a corresponding expansion in tanker shipping operations and in offshore oil operations, both of which ...

Continuous improvement of the technical equipment sea vessels is inevitably accompanied by development and complication training base for marine specialists. Simulator based on a computer model operating units liquefied natural gas tanker Veliky Novgorod type includes interactive programs learning management, created using e-Tutor module included in simulator delivery set. In course systematizi...

In this paper we have developed an oil outflow model for collision and grounding accidents of tankers. The collision model explicitly links input variables such as tanker hull design (single or double), displacement and speed, striking vessel displacement and speed, and the interaction angle of both vessels to output variables: longitudinal and transversal damage extents of the tanker. Overlayi...

Harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) are thought to be “shy” animals that are easily disturbed by underwater noises. There is concern that sources of anthropogenic sound, especially those associated with shipping and pile driving, will drive porpoises away from their preferred habitat [1]. A recent study, however, found that harbour porpoises were occasionally present within a few hundred m of...

The paper describes a method for design of marine structures with increased safety for environment, considering also the required investment costs as well as the aspects of risk distribution onto the maritime stakeholders. Practically, the paper seeks to answer what is the optimal amount that should be invested into certain safety measure for any given vessel. Due to the uneven distribution of ...

After sustaining a clean-cut mid-carpal hand amputation on a tanker 120 miles north of Lanzarote, a 28- -year-old seafarer was evacuated by helicopter to a microsurgical unit in Gran Canaria. The amputated hand was cooled according to precise instructions. The 6-hour flight time included two refuelling stops and transfer time. The hand had been revascularized thirteen hours after the accident a...