Flat rates are a prominent pricing scheme for telecommunications services and are often preferred by consumers although average costs would be lower in an alternative usage-based tariff. Reasons are that flat rates protect against unexpectedly high costs (insurance effect), are more likely to be chosen if actual usage is overestimated (overestimation effect), and prevent any disutility that is ...

The central question addressed in this paper is whether the presence of the MFA made the NAFTA politically more acceptable. Assuming that the government maximizes a weighted sum of welfare and producer profits, we derive four key results. First, taking the initial level of trade restriction as exogenously given, it is possible for an FTA to be endorsed by both parties under the MFA-like quota i...

This paper examines how industrial policy – specifically tariff liberalization and tax subsidies – affects the magnitude and direction of FDI spillovers. We examine these spillover effects across the diverse ownership structure of China’s manufacturing sector for 1998 through 2007. We find that tariff reforms, particularly tariff reductions associated with China’s WTO ascension, increased the p...

Optimal tariffs and quotas are comgared for a large country under uncertainty. If the import supply schedule has constant elastjcity and is subject to multiplicative uncertainty and domestic demand is random then the optimal policy is a fixed +.d valorem tariff. If the supply schedule has constant elasticity but this elasticity is random then the optimal tariff is superior to the optimal quota....

the objective of this study is to provide a partial equilibrium analysis of the effects of tariff and exchange rate policy on the net exports with the particular emphasis on the selected economic sectors. the eight economic sectors in the model are agriculture; food, beverages and tobacco; textiles; wood; chemicals; construction; paper and miselaneous which contains metallic and non merallic pr...

The acquisition of packaged software is gaining importance. The most crucial task during enterprise software acquisition is the selection of a software product and accompanying license model. The license model (or tariff) chosen severely impacts the total costs of the purchased solution over its life cycle and, thus, should be evaluated carefully. Existing literature from different decision con...

Using a panel of establishments from the Annual Survey of Industries (ASI), I study the impact of the 1991 trade liberalization episode in India on the employment share of women. Contrary to the predictions of a taste-based discrimination model, I find that establishments exposed to larger output tariff reductions and import competition reduced the share of female workers. I also find that inpu...

MUCH attention has been devoted to the study of the structure of tariffs in industrial nations and its impacts on the level and composition of their imports from developing countries. Studies have identified two sources of bias against imports from developing countries inherent in tariff structures of industrial nations. First, tariffs used by industrial nations have been found to bear more hea...