Fiscal policy is a policy that tries to achieve certain economic goals through instruments such as changes in government expenditure and taxation. The financial policy uses two instruments of government revenue (tax) and government spending (spending) to influence the economy. And in the economic literature, they consider economic growth to be equal to GDP. The impact of financial policies on e...

This paper contributes to recent work in political economy and public finance that focuses on how details of the tax code, rather than tax rates, are used to implement redistributive fiscal policies. I use tools from natural language processing to construct a high-dimensional representation of tax code changes from the text of 1.6 million statutes enacted by state legislatures since 1963. A dat...

Solving the budget deficit problem is a concern for many countries; some economists emphasized tax increases or tax cuts, while others favour spending cuts. This paper investigates the interrelationship between total government expenditure and total tax revenue in Barbados using both bivariate and multivariate cointegrating models. The technique of Granger Causality is also applied to determine...

Abel, Andrew B., 164 Abrams, Howard, 114 accountability, 170 deliberative concepts of, 191–2, see also elitism Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM Agreement), 132–4 alcohol, taxes on, 22 Allan, William, 84 allocation efficiency, 122–7 allocation of resources, 6 Alm, James, 115 Andrews, William, 168 Argentina, definition of benchmark tax in law, 85 Arizona Christian School Tu...

States are increasingly turning to environmental taxes as a means of raising revenue. These taxes are often thought to generate a double dividend: an environmental dividend stemming from the environmental improvement, and an economic dividend resulting from use of the revenue from environmental taxes to reduce other distortionary taxes (e.g., income or sales taxes). We review the economic liter...

I study the impact of the Orphan Drug Act (ODA), which established tax incentives for rare disease drug development. I examine the flow of new clinical drug trials for a large set of rare diseases. Among more prevalent rare diseases, the ODA led to a significant and sustained increase in new trials. The impact for less prevalent rare diseases was limited to an increase in the stock of drugs. Ta...

The current tax system is counterproductive and biased against saving and investment. The tax system imposes large losses on the economy that reduce the economic welfare of households and businesses. The current level of taxation imposes additional costs of about 40 cents at the margin for each dollar collected in revenue. A reduction in the burden imposed by the tax system would make a signifi...

Tax administrators face greater difficulties in enforcing tax laws and maintaining their community's legitimate revenue base when dealing with international rather than domestic transactions, particularly when dealing with a jurisdiction that combines tax haven status with bank secrecy. Increasingly, tax haven regimes with bank secrecy laws in place are accessible to almost anyone with a modem ...

This paper shows how a popular system of federal revenue equalization grants can limit tax competition among subnational governments, correct fiscal externalities, and increase government spending. Remarkably, an equalization grant can implement efficient policy choices by regional governments, regardless of a wide variety of differences in regional tax capacity, tastes for public spending, and...