Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) may well be the leading cause of dry eye disease throughout the world. Although this condition affects the health and well-being of millions of people, there is no global consensus on the definition, classification, diagnosis, or therapy for MGD. To achieve such a consensus, the Tear Film and Ocular Surface Society (TFOS; http://www.tearfilm.org), a nonprofit o...

Groin pain is a major cause of morbidity in athletes. Only in the last decade have acetabular labrum tears been recognised as a possible diagnosis. Awareness of this condition is important for appropriate management. The basic science and pathological and clinical features of acetabular labrum tears are reviewed, and diagnostic and treatment options are presented.

BACKGROUND There is considerable disagreement regarding the concentration of glucose in tears and its relationship to the concentration in blood. Improved sampling and analysis methods may resolve these discrepancies and possibly provide a basis for in situ tear glucose sensors. METHODS We used liquid chromatography (LC) with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) to determine glu...

Both cytotoxic and invasive strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa can damage corneal epithelial cells in vitro, but neither can infect healthy corneas in vivo. We tested the hypothesis that whole human tear fluid can protect corneal epithelia against P. aeruginosa virulence mechanisms. Cultured corneal epithelial cells were inoculated with 10(6) CFU of one of 10 strains of P. aeruginosa (five cytot...

Purpose. To assess the tear film quantity and correlate it with the quality and stability of the tear film in diabetics and compare them to age matched controls. Introduction. Diabetes affects tear film parameters in multiple ways. Poor metabolic control and neuropathy are postulated factors. To further understand how diabetes affects tear film parameters this study was conducted. Subjects and ...

PURPOSE To demonstrate the feasibility of indirectly measuring the precorneal tear film thickness and pre- and postlens tear film (PLTF) thickness using optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS Central corneal thickness (C(1)) which includes the tear film (T) of both eyes of 40 non-contact lens wearers was measured using OCT after calibration. The mean age of the 40 subjects was 31.2 +/- 9...

Dry eye disease (DED) is a condition of the ocular surface characterized by tear film abnormalities and symptoms; inflammation principal pathogenesis. Recently, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) point-of-care immunoassay (InflammaDry) has become widely used as an ancillary diagnostic tool in routine clinical settings. This paper reviews role MMP-9 DED, relationships MMP-9-positivity on Inflamm...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this prospective study was to report the long-term risks of rotator cuff tear enlargement and symptom progression associated with degenerative asymptomatic tears. METHODS Subjects with an asymptomatic rotator cuff tear in one shoulder and pain due to rotator cuff disease in the contralateral shoulder enrolled as part of a prospective longitudinal study. Two hundred a...