BACKGROUND Patellar tendinopathy (jumper's knee) is characterized by localized tenderness of the patellar tendon at its origin on the inferior pole of the patella and a characteristic increase in signal intensity on magnetic resonance imaging at this location. However, it is unclear why the lesion typically occurs in this area of the patellar tendon as surface strain gauge studies of the patell...

BACKGROUND The best choice of graft tissue for use in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction has been the subject of debate. HYPOTHESIS Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with patellar tendon autograft leads to greater knee stability than reconstruction with hamstring tendon autograft. STUDY DESIGN Metaanalysis. METHODS A Medline search identified articles published from January...

A new type of backbone robot is presented in this paper. The core idea is to use a cross shape mechanism with the principle of functioning of the scissors linkages, known as a pantograph. Although this continuum arm acts quite similar to tendon-driven robot, this manipulator does not include any tendon in its structure. This design does not suffer from the weaknesses of the continuum design suc...

Tendon is a critical unit of musculoskeletal system that connects muscle to bone to control bone movement. More population participate in physical activities, tendon injuries, such as acute tendon rupture and tendinopathy due to overuse, are common causing unbearable pain and disability. However, the process of tendon development and the pathogenesis of tendinopathy are not well defined, limiti...

PURPOSE Delayed healing is a common problem whenever tendon allografts are used for tendon or ligament reconstruction. Repopulating the allograft with host cells may accelerate tendon regeneration, but cell penetration into the allograft tendon is limited. Processing the tendon surface with slits that guide cells into the allograft substrate may improve healing. The purpose of this study was to...

BACKGROUND Tendon is a mechanical tissue that transmits forces generated by muscle to bone in order to allow body motion. The molecular pathways that sense mechanical forces during tendon formation, homeostasis and repair are not known. EGR1 is a mechanosensitive transcription factor involved in tendon formation, homeostasis and repair. We hypothesized that EGR1 senses mechanical signals to pro...

although the increase in the number of core sutures during flexor tendon repair increases the tensile strength of the repair, both increased handling at the time of repair and increased bulk at the repair site have been hypothesized as affecting clinical outcomes by increasing gliding resistance. the purpose of our study was to assess whether increasing the number of core sutures from two stran...

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the ultimate failure load, stiffness and elongation of 3 different MPFL patellar fixation techniques: suture anchor, sutured tendon (a semi-tunnel technique, the free ends were sutured) and folio tendon (a semi-tunnel technique, the folio ends were passed through by suture). Materials and methods: We used six fresh-frozen cadaveric knees, each o...

PURPOSE After complex hand trauma, restoration of tendon strength is challenging. Tendon insertion tears typically heal as fibrous scars after surgical reconstruction and create a weak point at the tendon-bone interface. In addition, major tendon loss may overwhelm the amount of available autograft for reconstruction. An off-the-shelf product may help address these challenges. We hypothesized t...

INTRODUCTION Degenerative rotator cuff tears are a common problem, affecting greater than 30% of the general population [1]. Rotator cuff tears most commonly occur in the supraspinatus tendon near the insertion site [2]. There is a high failure rate of rotator cuff tear repairs, and this failure typically occurs at the tendon-suture interface [3]. By determining localized differences in rotator...