Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is essential for tumor growth, stabilization and progression. Angiogenesis inhibitors are now widely used in the clinic; however, there are relatively few published studies on the mechanism of their presumed teratogenic effects. To address this issue, we screened a variety of angiogenesis inhibitors in developing zebrafish and chicken embryo mod...

When I had completed medical school and graduate school, the scientific world did not even have the correct figure for the number of human chromosomes. Greggl had recently described the teratogenicity of rubella virus infection during pregnancy The teratogenic risk of the folic acid antagonists was established2" and there were experimental studies indicating that nutritional deficiencies could ...

BACKGROUND Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced by certain Aspergillus and Penicillium species. It has been observed to be teratogenic in a number of animal models including rat, mouse, hamster, and chick, with reduced birth weight and craniofacial abnormalities being the most commonly observed malformations. Neither the potential of OTA to cause malformations in humans nor its teratogeni...

At a multidiscipline international meeting sponsored by L'Institut de la Vie held at Guadeloupe in January 1974, current methods for detecting teratogenic agents were outlined and discussed. Recommendations of the participants of the conference were: recognize the limitations of the present defenses against teratogenic agents; educate the public and medical profession about the known human tera...

Methenamine salts have been traditionally used in the veterinary and human medicine, but its use is sometimes associated with some side effects.Toxicopathological effects of methenamine salt have always been a major concern. There is scantly information available about the lesions of methenamine compound in embryo. The objective of this study was to determine the teratogenic effects of methenam...

The use of older generation antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) during pregnancy is known to be associated with a two- to threefold increased risk of birth defects in the offspring and possible also other adverse outcomes in the exposed infant. Much less has been known about newer generation AEDs in this respect. Recent studies based on national registries as well as specific epilepsy and pregnancy regi...

Crucial morphogenetic processes during the blastogenesis period, which extends throughout the first 4 wk of development, from fertilization until the end of the gastrulation stage (days 27 to 28 postconception), can be altered and result in structural abnormalities, including patterns of multiple congenital anomalies (MCAs) arising from developmental field defects. Severe damage may cause death...

Data on clinical teratogenicity are at best derived from carefully conducted observational studies, whereas randomized, controlled trials have no place in this research area. We can only expect level B recommendations and lower. New relevant information has become available during the last 5 years on pregnancy outcomes with 3 of the most frequently used AEDs: carbamazepine, valproate, and lamot...