Termination of protein synthesis is not 100% efficient. A number of natural mechanisms that suppress translation termination exist. One of them is STOP codon readthrough, the process that enables the ribosome to pass through the termination codon in mRNA and continue translation to the next STOP codon in the same reading frame. The efficiency of translational readthrough depends on a variety of...

Eukaryotic translation termination is triggered by peptide release factors eRF1 and eRF3. Whereas eRF1 recognizes all three termination codons and induces hydrolysis of peptidyl tRNA, eRF3's function remains obscure. Here, we reconstituted all steps of eukaryotic translation in vitro using purified ribosomal subunits; initiation, elongation, and termination factors; and aminoacyl tRNAs. This al...

It is now well established that ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) play an active role in every aspect of translation. This review focuses on recent evidence for the involvement of rRNAs from both subunits of the ribosome in translation termination. This evidence comprises data obtained with rRNA mutants both in vivo and in vitro. In particular, mutations in specific regions of rRNAs caused readthrough of ...

The scientific review presents the mechanisms of action cytoplasmic miRNAs, namely miRNA-mediated posttranslational silencing. To write article, information was searched using Scopus, Web Science, MedLine, PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Global Health, Cochrane Library, CyberLeninka databases. It is stated that protein synthesis a complex process which involved many regulators. known translatio...

The bloodstream form of Trypanosoma brucei persists in mammalian hosts through a population survival strategy depending on antigenic variation cell surface coat composed the variant glycoprotein (VSG). integrity VSG is essential and blocking its synthesis results division cycle arrest just prior to cytokinesis. This observation indicates that levels are monitored has mechanisms respond disrupti...