The validity of the TOEFL, a large-scale worldwide test and high-stake test, is most concern for test-takers. TOEFL scores has been found positive as whole but in reading comprehension. Four aspects are analyzed to study fairness iBT test. Results show that score under-represented, with some cognitive issue, negative washback, unfairness.

This study intended to determine the way validity and reliability i.e., psychometric properties were reported in the Applied Linguistics research articles. The study also focused on the measurement methods applied to determine the validity and reliability of the scores derived from the tests and questionnaires in the empirical studies. The corpus of the study included 331 empirical studies deri...

Recovery is related to control addiction problems among drug addicts based on context environment in Malaysia. This research, identify several aspects that have relationship with recovery Malaysian specifically. Although there are measurement instruments been developed assess recovery, a good validity still lacking and limited. In this regard, study aimed test content of Drug Addiction Test (DA...