Cryptorchidism is a condition in which one or both testes have not passed down into the scrotal sac. It is categorized as true undescended testis in which testes are present in the normal path of descent, and as ectopic testis, in which testes are present at abnormal site. Common complications of cryptorchidism are testicular torsion, subfertility, inguinal hernia, and testicular cancer. Here w...

PURPOSE We evaluated the efficacy and the availability of laparoscopic orchiopexy to manage a nonpalpable intra-abdominal testis and studied outcomes including the testicular survival rate and associated complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 67 children (86 testicular units) who underwent laparoscopic orchiopexy for a nonpalpable intra-abdomin...

OBJECTIVE Diagnostic laparoscopy is the gold standard in the algorithm of nonpalpable testis. Testicular tissue is examined and treatment is planned accordingly. In this study we reviewed the place of diagnostic laparoscopy, and evaluated the results and effectiveness of laparoscopy in the diagnosis and management of nonpalpable testis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Children who had diagnostic laparos...

INTRODUCTIONThe tips of Drosophila testes harbor the germ line stem cells, their amplifying daughters, and the cells of the stem cell lineage environments. These cells, located within the apical 100 μm, are specifically hard to label, as the testes appear to be less penetrable at the tips. Here we report an in situ hybridization protocol that works reliably to detect RNA in the cells at the api...

background: many different techniques have been described to treat undescended testes. we aimed to study a new technique of two-stage orchiopexy with total inguinal canal mobilization to prevent cord damage and testicular atrophy.   methods: between march 2002 and july 2005, we operated on 16 testes with short spermatic cord. in the first stage, the testes were anchored to the pubic tubercle an...

Objective(s): Multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), are regarded as autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system (CNS).  The CNS, testes, and eyes are immune privileged sites.  It was initially presumed that ocular involvement in EAE and infertility in MS are neural-mediated.  However, inflammatory molecules...

Background: Many different techniques have been described to treat undescended testes. We aimed to study a new technique of two-stage orchiopexy with total inguinal canal mobilization to prevent cord damage and testicular atrophy. Methods: Between March 2002 and July 2005, we operated on 16 testes with short spermatic cord. In the first stage, the testes were anchored to the pubic tubercle and ...