Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate (Anti-NMDA) receptor encephalitis is an acute autoimmune neurological disorder. The cause of this disease is often unknown, and previous studies revealed that it might be caused by a virus, vaccine or tumor. It occurs more often in females than in males. Several cases were reported to be related to vaccination such as the H1N1 vaccine and tetanus/diphtheria/pertussis a...

OBJECTIVES Preventable neonatal mortality due to tetanus infection remains common. We aimed to examine antenatal vaccination impact in a context of continuing high neonatal mortality in rural northern India. METHODS AND FINDINGS Using the third round of the Indian National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 2005-06, mortality of most recent singleton births was analysed in discrete-time logistic mod...

A case report of cephalic tetanus in a 2-year-old girl who was not immunized against tetanus following suppurative otitis media (SOM) is presented. This case is reported because of the rarity of cephalic tetanus associated with high mortality, to highlight the risk of cephalic tetanus as sequelae of SOM and the need for proper aural care and prompt treatment of SOM. Primary immunization of all ...

Tetanus is a disease caused by the toxin produced by Clostridium tetani. The clostridium tetanus bacterium is ubiquitous, and as such, C tetani infection can be acquired through surgery, intravenous drug abuse, the neonate’s umbilicus, bites, burns, body piercing, puncture wounds, and ear infections. In short, this organism can enter through any break in the integrity of the body. As a result o...

Persistence of immune memory in humans is a crucial yet poorly understood aspect immunology. Here we have studied the effect Puumala hantavirus infection on unrelated, pre-existing by studying T cell- and antibody responses against toxoid vaccine antigens diphtheria, tetanus pertussis cohort 45 patients. We found that tetanus- -specific IgG concentrations elevate during acute virus infection. I...

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), an acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy, is often associated with an antecedent factor, such as an infection, surgery, systemic malignancy, or vaccination. The first case of GBS following a vaccination with combined tetanus-diphtheria toxoid is reported.

background and objectives: hiv infected patients are at risk for vaccine-preventable infections such as tetanus and diphtheria (td). in these patients, these antibodies tend to decline faster. due to the limited data, this study assessed the seroprevalence of tetanus and diphtheria antibodies in hiv infected patients in tehran, iran. materials and methods: this case-control study was carried o...

Tetanus can be only prevented by vaccination because immunity against this disease is rarely acquired, even by natural infections. To maintain long-term protective immunity against tetanus, booster immunization is essential for adolescents and adults. Most hospitalized cases and virtually all deaths occur in people over 60 years of age. The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree of...

The goal of this study was to determine how much the formation of tetanus antibody is influenced after a single injection of tetanus vaccine (Td) and the simultaneous injection of tetanus vaccine with tetanus immunoglobulin (TIG). All of the healthy adult volunteers were divided into two groups: group 1 (Td only) and group 2 (Td plus TIG). Two hundred thirty seven volunteers were enrolled. When...