Investment-based asset pricing uses the link between stock and investment returns to tie expected returns with firm characteristics. I derive the equivalence between these two returns in the Q-framework with variable capacity utilization, proportional operating costs, irreversible investment, and dividend constraints. With multiple capital goods, stock return is the value-weighted average of in...

The venture capital industry is characterized by strong inter-organizational networks that have been shown to affect VC firm performance and the competitive supply of capital for entrepreneurs. We examine how VC firms’ observable resources are related to tie formation, and thus how networks facilitate the distribution and combination of resources across organizations. Unlike the social networks...

A long-standing debate has taken place in the organizational sociology and social network literatures about the relative advantages of network closure versus structural holes in the generation of social capital. There is recent evidence that these advantages differ across cultures and between East Asia and the West in particular, but existing network models are unable to explain why or address ...

This paper aims to examine the effects of two aspects of tie characteristics-trust and learning -to the firm's subsequent innovation output. We argue both learning and trust behavior lead to high level of joint problem solving which in turn influence innovation performance. In addition, a‘climatic’ characteristic, namely environmental competitiveness was also involved in the framework to explor...

A revolution in economics was probably never a conscious goal of Forrester’s work. Yet, his writings might have laid the foundation for it by visualizing the decision process as it exist in operational settings instead of being defined by abstract postulates of mainstream economics. This perspective allows his models to be tied to policies that influence everyday decisions. When viewed in the c...

Although network ties are crucial for firm performance, the strategies by which executives actually form ties are relatively unexplored. In this study, we introduce a new construct, tie formation efficiency, and clarify its importance for superior network outcomes. Building on fieldwork in 9 Internet security ventures seeking investment ties, we unexpectedly identify two equifinal paths for how...

BACKGROUND Endothelial receptor tyrosine kinases include 3 members of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) family and 2 members of the angiopoietin receptor (Tie) family. In addition, the VEGF(165) isoform binds to neuropilin-1 (NP-1), a receptor for collapsins/semaphorins. The importance of these receptors for vasculogenesis and angiogenesis has been shown in gene-targeted m...

development of technological capability is one of the effective methods for promoting the firm competitive performance. transfer of suitable technology help the firm to make a strong position in its industry faster than using in-house r&d.; successfulness of a firm based on technology transfer process can be measured with different scales such as measurement of firm competitive performance thro...

ABSTRACT We study how the precision of managers’ private post-contract pre-decision information affects pay–performance relation. Endogenizing environment, we find that firms may optimally tie executive pay closer to firm performance as agency problems become more pronounced. Specifically, varying parameters measuring severity problem, identify parameter regions where with pronounced combine un...

Angiogenesis is coordinated with follicular cell growth in goitrogenesis. The angiopoietins, Ang-1 and Ang-2, are angiogenic growth factors acting through Tie-2, a tyrosine kinase receptor. We have examined the expression and regulation of the angiopoietins and Tie-2 in human and rat thyroids. In human goiters there was increased Tie-2 immunostaining, compared with that in normal thyroids, on b...