We report a new electrochemical supporting-electrolyte-free method for synthesizing ureas, carbamates, and thiocarbamates via the oxidation of oxamic acids. This simple, practical, phosgene-free route includes generation an isocyanate intermediate in situ anodic decarboxylation acid presence organic base, followed by one-pot addition suitable nucleophiles to afford corresponding thiocarbamates....

To meet the demand of grain and fodder, dual purpose crops can be a good alternative that also reduce burden on land. A field study was carried out during two consecutive rabi seasons 2017–18 2018–19 research farm Agronomy, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana, to evaluate performance wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The experiment laid in split plot design with three replications. It comprised varieties (C 30...

in order to evaluate the effects of nitrogen levels and its split application on growth indices and their relationship with grain yield of rice (cv. khazar), a field experiment was conducted at rice research institute of iran with 11 treatments arranged in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications in 2008. nitrogen fertilizer levels (10, 20 and 30 kg.ha-1) were applied according to...

There are two contents of this article. The first is briefly to review the experiment research on catalysis mechanism Carbon Gasification Reaction-CGR(C+CO2=2CO) from 60s -90s. results show that catalytic phenomenon physical rather than chemical, and catalyst does not participate in chemical reaction. activity selectivity related electronegativity or energy level catalyst. second clarify applic...

The sprinkler irrigation system is the most widely used for rubber in a nursery. However, method associated with high water loss during irrigation. In view of this, an experiment was conducted to assess effect different systems on growth dynamics, leaf ratio analyses, productivity, and use efficiency seedlings. treatments were systems; soil + overhead (CON), growing media (GM) drip (DRP), GM ca...

A field experiment was carried out in the year 2014 and 2015 at experimental of Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh to evaluate effect agronomic weed management practices on crop growth rate (CGR) relative (RGR) direct seeded rice. Twenty-four treatment combinations consisting two mulching viz. no mulch live (brown manuring with Sesbania) nitrogen levels (120 kg ha-1, 150 ha-1&nbs...

given the important role of crop growth indices for explanation of cultivars yield differences in diverse environmental and agronomical circumstances, this experiment was conducted at research field of tarbiat modares university during 2007 growing season. experimental treatments were arranged in split-plot layout based on randomized complete blocks with four replications. in this research, sow...