These lecture notes contain all material relevant for the examinations and the course. For further reading, the author refers to the textbooks Automata Theory and its Applications by Bakhadyr Khoussainov and Anil Nerode [46] and Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation by Hopcroft, Motwani and Ullman [35]. The author would like to thank Volker Diekert, Henning Fernau, Vladimi...

1-The study of the model of computation in which the state space consists of linear superpositions of classical configurations and the computational steps consist of applying local unitary operators and measurements as permitted by quantum mechanics. Quantum computation emerged in the 1980's when P. Benioff and R. Feynman realized that the apparent exponential complexity in simulating quantum p...