BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To produce controlled, spatially confined thermal effects in dermis. STUDY DESIGNS/MATERIALS AND METHODS A 1 W, 1,500 nm fiber-coupled diode laser was focused with a high numerical aperture (NA) objective to achieve a tight optical focus within the upper dermis of skin held in contact with a glass window. The delivery optics was moved using a computer-controlled tran...

Hyperchromicity measurements are well established to analyse the thermal denaturation behaviour of pure DNA sequences in solution. Here, we show that under appropriate experimental conditions this technique can also be applied to study thermally controlled conformation changes of higher order DNA-protein complexes as for instance metaphase chromosome preparations in suspension. A computer contr...

We discuss possible mechanisms that may impact the order of transition between denaturated and bound DNA states lead to changes in scaling laws govern conformational properties strands. To this end, we re-consider Poland-Scheraga model apply a polymer field theory approach calculate entropic exponents associated with loop distribution. particular variants occur due solution affect self- mutual ...