Fecal bacterial indicator analyses have been widely used for monitoring the water quality. This study was designed to determine the ratio between the density of Escherichia coli and other Thermotolerant Coliforms (TtC) bacteria from freshwater samples collected for a two-year period of monitoring. TtC were enumerated by membrane filtration on mFC agar. E. coli enumeration was done by two method...

Three methods (membrane filtration, multiple tube fermentation, and chromogenic substrate technology kits manufactured by IDEXX Laboratories, Inc.) are routinely used to measure indicator bacteria for beach water quality. To assess comparability of these methods, quantify within-laboratory variability for each method, and place that variability into context of variability among laboratories usi...

Asymmetrical patterns of amino acid substitution in proteins of organisms living at moderate and high temperatures (mesophiles and thermophiles, respectively) are generally taken to indicate selection favoring different amino acids at different temperatures due to their biochemical properties. If that were the case, comparisons of different pairs of mesophilic and thermophilic taxa would exhibi...

Coliform tests were performed on 85 hide and 75 meat samples. IMViC reactions were determined on isolates from positive confirmed and fecal tests, and strains other than Escherichia coli were identified. Strains typed as Aerobacter aerogenes types I and II were identified as Enterobacter cloacae (51.4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (21.5%), Enterobacter aerogenes (15%), and Enterobacter liquefaciens,...

Anaerobic digestion (AD) technology is commonly used to treat sewage sludge from activated systems, meanwhile alleviating the energy demand (and costs) for wastewater treatment. Most often, anaerobic run in single-stage systems under mesophilic conditions, as this temperature regime considered be more stable than thermophilic one. However, it known that conditions are advantageous over ones ter...

In view of the differences that have been found between the most-probable-number and membrane filtration methods for the recovery of coliforms from chlorinated samples, the survival of total and fecal coliforms in UV-irradiated effluent samples, as tested by the most-probable-number and standard single-step membrane filtration methods, was compared. There were no significant differences in the ...

A search for extremophile enzymes from ancient volcanic soils in El Hierro Island (Canary Islands, Spain) allowed isolation of a microbial sporulated strain collection from which several enzymatic activities were tested. Isolates were obtained after sample cultivation under several conditions of nutrient contents and temperature. Among the bacterial isolates, supernatants from the strain design...

The main objectives of the experiment were: 1) to compare bacterial populations of mastitis-causing organisms on the teats of lactating dairy cattle housed on sand and sawdust bedding and, 2) to examine the relationship between bacterial counts present in the 2 bedding types with those on teat ends. Sixteen lactating Holstein cows were housed on either sand or sawdust-bedded free stalls using a...

Escherichia coli serotype O157H:7 and five other fecal and nonfecal coliforms were tested for minimum and maximum temperatures for growth in E. coli medium by using a temperature gradient incubator with a mean temperature increment of 1.67 degrees C (+/- 0.392). The temperature range for growth of E. coli O157:H7 is inconsistent with that of other fecal coliforms, suggesting that this pathogen ...

A "repair-detection" procedure consisting of pour plating of food samples with Trypticase soy agar, followed by 1-h repair incubation at room temperature and subsequent overlay with violet red bile agar, was found to be an effective method for the detection of injuried and uninjuried coliforms from dairy products. This method was relatively less effective for the detection of coliforms in many ...