Prestin in the lateral membrane of outer hair cells, is responsible for electromotility (EM) and a corresponding nonlinear capacitance (NLC). Prestin's voltage sensitivity is influenced by intracellular chloride. A regulator of intracellular chloride is a stretch-sensitive, non-selective conductance within the lateral membrane, GmetL. We determine that prestin itself possesses a stretch-sensiti...

Thiocyanate found in serum ordinarily is the metabolite of cyanide that is inhaled with tobacco smoke and ingested with cyanogenic foods. We investigated the effect of the thiocyanate ion (SCN-) on the ionized magnesium (iMg) and ionized calcium (iCa) results determined with the AVL and Nova magnesium and calcium ion-selective electrodes (ISEs). We analyzed saline and pooled serum with added SC...

The neutrophil enzyme myeloperoxidase uses H2O2 to oxidize chloride, bromide, iodide and thiocyanate to their respective hypohalous acids. Chloride is considered to be the physiological substrate. However, a detailed kinetic study of its substrate preference has not been undertaken. Our aim was to establish whether myeloperoxidase oxidizes thiocyanate in the presence of chloride at physiologica...

Antimicrobial compounds have critical roles in plant immunity; for example, Arabidopsis thaliana and other crucifers deploy phytoalexins and glucosinolate derivatives in defense against pathogens. The pathogen-responsive MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE3 (MPK3) and MPK6 have essential functions in the induction of camalexin, the major phytoalexin in Arabidopsis. In search of cyanide, a coproduc...

The rate of hydrochloric acid production by isolated, bullfrog gastric mucosae depends critically on the supply of chloride ion to the serosal surface. Secretion of acid is negligible if chloride is completely replaced by glucuronate and gluconate ion. The experimental evidence indicates that the rate of acid secretion may be regarded as a reaction velocity, depending on chloride concentration ...