BACKGROUND In the yeast biomass production process, protein carbonylation has severe adverse effects since it diminishes biomass yield and profitability of industrial production plants. However, this significant detriment of yeast performance can be alleviated by increasing thioredoxins levels. Thioredoxins are important antioxidant defenses implicated in many functions in cells, and their prim...

Thioredoxins function as general protein disulphide reductases. Mammalian male germ cells are equipped with a set of three testis-specific thioredoxins (named Sptrx-1, -2, and -3, respectively) that are expressed either in different structures within the sperm cell or at different stages of sperm development. Previous studies based on qualitative northern-blot and in situ hybridization analyses...

Two thioredoxins have been described in Escherichia coli, TrxA and Trx2. Both thioredoxins are capable of reducing disulfide bonds using a conserved pair of cysteine residues present in a WCGPC motif. A number of unique structural and regulatory features distinguish the Trx2 subfamily from the much larger TrxA family. The Trx2 subfamily has an additional N-terminal domain of +/- 30 residues, wh...

Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein (TXNIP) has been shown to have significant pathogenic roles in many human diseases, particularly those associated with diabetes and hyperglycemia. Its main mode of action is sequester thioredoxins, resulting enhanced oxidative stress. The aim this study was identify if cellular expression TXNIP aged Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains correlated pathological structur...