The emergence of tolerance to vancomycin has recently been reported in Streptococcus pneumoniae, the most common cause of bacterial meningitis. A vancomycin- and cephalosporin-tolerant strain of S. pneumoniae, the Tupelo strain, was isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient who then developed recrudescence of meningitis despite treatment with vancomycin and a third-generation cephalosp...

To the Editor: In their summary of the global threat of antibiotic-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Bolan et al. (Feb. 9 issue)1 state that “in patients who are allergic to cephalosporins, the only option is 2 g of azithromycin orally.” However, the aminoglycoside spectinomycin (unavailable in the United States since 2006) has proven efficacy against genital gonococcal infection2 and is recomme...

Where local or international guidelines are available they should be used to guide therapy. Peritoneal dialysate effluent should be collected and processed in an appropriate manner to ensure culture-negative episodes account for < 20% of all PD-associated peritonitis. While there is no good evidence to support specific antibiotic choice, empiric intraperitoneal therapy should consider local mic...

BACKGROUND Nosocomial infections caused by Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) are increasing. Our aim in this study was to investigate the risk factors of CRKP infections. MATERIAL/METHODS A retrospective cohort study was performed between 1 January and 31 December 2012 in ICU patients. Data was taken from the hospital infection control database for CRKP. The clinical samples c...

PURPOSE There is a concern on which antimicrobials are appropriate as empirical agents for community-onset acute pyelonephritis (APN) in regions where the fluoroquinolone resistance rate is high, such as in Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three hundred and two strains of E. coli in 2001-2002 and 349 strains in 2008-2009 were isolated from the urine cultures of female adult APN patients, and the ...

Penicillins and cephalosporins are the most important betalactams inducing IgE-mediated reactions. The safety of administering cephalosporins to penicillin-allergic children is a particular problem, because cephalosporin allergenic determinants have not been properly identified. A study was undertaken to evaluate the frequency of anaphylactic reactions to cephalosporins and penicillins and thei...

OBJECTIVE The spread of nosocomial multiresistant microorganisms is affected by compliance with infection control measures and antibiotic use. We hypothesized that "colonization pressure" (ie, the proportion of other patients colonized) also is an important variable. We studied the effect of colonization pressure, compliance with infection control measures, antibiotic use, and other previously ...