This paper addresses automatic soft missing-feature mask (MFM) generation based on a leak energy estimation for a simultaneous speech recognition system. An MFM is used as a weight for probability calculation in a recognition process. In a previous work, a threshold-base-zero-or-one function was applied to decide if spectral parameter can be reliable or not for each frequency bin. The function ...

Both backward masking and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are capable of hindering perception of a visual target. To study the relationship between these two methods we applied TMS over the occipital pole in combination with the visual backward masking technique shine-through. The recently discovered weak shine-through mask consists of a horizontal grating with 25 vernier elements. In t...

objectives: masking ability of a restorative material plays a role in hiding colored substructures; however, the masking ability of zirconia ceramic (zrc) has not yet been clearly understood in zirconia-based restorations. this study evaluated the effect of three different core materials on masking ability of a zrc. materials and methods: ten zirconia disc samples, 0.5mm in thickness and 10mm i...

A wavelet coefficient is generally classified into two categories: significant (large) and insignificant (small). Therefore, each wavelet coefficient is efficiently modelled as a random variable of a Gaussian mixture distribution with unknown parameters. In this paper, we propose an image denoising method by using mixture modelling of wavelet coefficients. The coefficient is classified as eithe...

Local gallium implantation of silicon by a focused ion beam (FIB) has been used to create a mask for anisotropic tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) wet etching. The dependence of the etch stop properties of gallium-doped silicon on the implanted dose has been investigated and a dose of 4 x 10(13) ions cm(- 2) has been determined to be the threshold value for achieving observable etching resis...

Inverse lithography technique (ILT) is significant to reduce the feature size of ArF optical lithography due to its strong ability to overcome the optical proximity effect. A critical issue for inverse lithography is the complex curvilinear patterns produced, which are very costly to write due to the large number of shots needed with the current variable shape beam (VSB) writers. In this paper,...

An algorithm of the color image noise removal algorithm is put forward based on the pixel operations. The idea of the algorithm is to read every pixel in a set order and determine whether the pixel level is consistent with the probability density function of impulse noise or not. If it is similar to noise pixel, the number of impulse noise in a certain mask is counted. If the number is less tha...

The airport is an important infrastructure for air transport and urban traffic. pavement damage seriously affects the safety of aircraft take-off landing. Therefore, regular detection critical landing safety. However, small target areas, existing methods cannot effectively achieve detection. In addition, carried out under low light conditions at night, may not be able to accurately detect bound...

laryngeal mask is a supraglothic instrument for ventilation of patients who are under anesthesia. insertion of laryngeal mask requires maintaining sufficient depth of anesthesia to avoid airway reflex (gagging, coughing and spasms). the present study investigated two techniques of anesthesia with propofol-atracurium and thiopental-atracurium to facilitate insertion of the laryngeal mask, term o...