The TSHR (thyrotropin receptor) is activated endogenously by the large hormone thyrotropin and activated pathologically by auto-antibodies. Both activate and bind at the extracellular domain. Recently, SMLs (smallmolecule ligands) have been identified, which bind in an allosteric binding pocket within the transmembrane domain. Modelling driven site-directed mutagenesis of amino acids lining thi...

BACKGROUND Hypothyroidism is a prevalent endocrine condition. Individuals with this disease are commonly managed through supplementation with synthetic thyroid hormone, with the aim of alleviating symptoms and restoring normal thyroid stimulating hormone levels. Generally this management strategy is effective and well tolerated. However, there is research to suggest that a significant proportio...

Background: Thyroid disorders are the most second endocrine problem after diabetes mellitus in society. Environmental, immunological, and genetic factors lead to development of thyroid disorders. Objectives: The study intended evaluate role antibodies hormones diagnosis diseases, as well prevalence patients having living Shendi locality. Study design: current research was prospective, case - co...

OBJECTIVE Thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), the most common antibody frequently measured in population surveys is a protein expressed in the thyroid gland. We conducted the present study to analyze the prevalence and incidence of thyroid auto immunity and natural course of TPOAb in a population based study. MATERIAL AND METHODS This prospective study was conducted within the framework of t...

BACKGROUND Microscopic colitis (MC) is a disease manifested by diarrhoea and is divided into collagenous and lymphocytic colitis. The aetiology is unknown, but auto-immunity is suggested. Auto-antibodies have been only rarely examined in this entity. The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of auto-antibodies, and to examine associations between the presence of antibodies and clinical...

The understanding of the essential role of selenium (Se) in thyroid hormone synthesis, metabolism and action, as well as normal thyroid function, increased during the past decades. The thyroid gland is among the human tissues with the highest Se content per mas unit, similar to other endocrine organs and brain. Biological actions of Se are mediated, in most cases, through the expression of at l...

BACKGROUND Thyroid dysfunction (TD) is associated to chronic hepatitis C (HCV) and interferon (IFN) therapy. The prevalence of TD at baseline and during IFN therapy among stages of hepatic fibrosis is unknown. GOALS To examine the frequency of TD at baseline and during Peg-IFN therapy among patients with severe and mild fibrosis. STUDY 100 patients were treated with Peg-IFN and divided in 2...