Partial Discharge (PD) is the most important source of insulation degradation in power transformers. In order to prevent catastrophic failures in transformers, PDs need to be located as soon as possible so that maintenance measures can be taken in time. Due to the structural complexity of windings, locating the PD source inside a transformer winding is not a simple task. In this paper, the effi...

The authors introduce state tomography for the quantitative characterization of space-time entangled electromagnetic pulses and report on its application to propagation single-cycle toroidal wideband beams.

Experimental studies of bioelectric effects caused by single intense, ultrashort (nanosecond and even subnanosecond), square wave pulses indicate that the product of electric field amplitude and pulse duration, i.e., the electrical impulse, can be considered a similarity or scaling factor. An explanation for this scaling law is based on the assumption that any bioelectric effect in this paramet...

The purpose of moving-target indication (MTI) radar is to reject signals from fixed or slow-moving unwanted targets, such as buildings, hills, trees, sea, and rain, and retain for detection or display signals from moving targets such as aircraft. Figure 15.1 shows a pair of photographs of a PPI (plan position indicator) which illustrate the effectiveness of a properly working MTI system. The di...

Ultra-short pulse is a promising technology for achieving ultra-high data rate transmission which is required to follow the increased demand of data transport over an optical communication system. Therefore, the propagation of such type of pulses and the effects that it may suffer during its transmission through an optical waveguide has received a great deal of attention in the recent years. We...

In this paper, we have simulated the excitation of wake fields in the interaction of an intensive laser pulses having Half-Sine and Gaussian time envelopes with a fully ionized cold plasma using particle in cell (PIC) method. We investigated the dependency of wake filed amplitude to different laser and plasma parameters such as laser wavelength, pulse duration and electron number density. In ad...

in this study, total factor productivity growth of iran’s pulses (including irrigated pea, dry pea, irrigated lentil, dry lentil, irrigated soybean, dry soybean and irrigated bean) during of farming years 1989-1990 though 2007-2008 had been analyzed, using nonparametric malmquist approach. so, amounts of inputs usages include seeds, fertilizers, dung, poison, herbicide, labor, water and acreage...