We developed a modified paper spray ionization (PSI) platform, named as paper cone spray ionization (PCSI), for direct mass spectrometric analysis of raw solid samples. The major modification from conventional PSI was the geometry of the paper base: PCSI uses a triangular-pyramidal-shaped paper tip instead of a planar triangular-shaped one. This three-dimensional paper cone serves as a sample c...

Abbreviations a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 and A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , A 4 Constants in the shape function y(x) a C Contact radius α Wave number of the flexural waves A Cross-section area of the cantilever b Thickness of the cantilever c P Ratio φ Lat /φ d Y 0 , d X0 Normalized amplitude of the sensor tip in y-and x-direction, respectively δ n , δ L Normal, lateral contact deflection (in the coordinate syst...

A large flexible beam with a tip mass-pendulum system has been proven to be effective vibration-absorbing device for large flexible structures with tip appendages. In this study, the technique of digital image processing is used to demonstrate how unique experimental results can be obtained by the use of high performance data acquisition and high speed cameras. The measurements include time his...

A combined apparatus of a supercritical CO2 extractor (SFE) and a time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF-MS) was developed aiming at the direct analysis of extracts. A fused-silica capillary acts as both a pressure restrictor and an effluent injection nozzle into the TOF-MS. The tip of the nozzle was narrowed by melting and abrasion so that a greater pressure drop occurred at the tip. In the TOF...

This paper presents the effects of intermediate location and time-varying end mass on the dynamic response of flexible robot manipulator with rotating-prismatic joint in tracing multi-straight-line path. The tip end of the flexible robot manipulator traces a multi-straight-line path under the action of external driving torque and axial force. Flexible arm which consist of a rotating-prismatic j...

The authors examined anticipation in tool use, focusing on tool length and tool-use posture. Adults (9 women and 9 men in each experiment) held a rod (length 0.4-0.8 m), with the tip upward; walked toward a cube; chose a place to stop; and displaced the cube with the rod's tip. In 2 experiments, rod length, mass, and mass distribution, and the size of the cube were manipulated. Chosen distance ...

This paper investigates the possibility of reproducing the self-sustained oscillation of the tongue tip in alveolar trills. The interest is to study the articulatory and phonatory configurations that are required to produce alveolar trills. Using a realistic geometry of the vocal tract, derived from cineMRI data of a real speaker, the paper studies the mechanical behavior of a lumped two-mass m...

PREMISE OF THE STUDY Despite the large diversity in biological cell morphology, the processes that specify and control cell shape are not yet fully understood. Here we study the shape of tip-growing, walled cells, which have evolved a polar mode of cell morphogenesis leading to characteristic filamentous cell morphologies that extend only apically. METHODS We identified the relevant parameter...

In this paper, tip tracking control is investigated for a single-link flexible robot. The flexible beam is first lumped to a spring-mass system, to which the so called backstepping approach is applicable, then two robust controllers and an adaptive controller are developed in the presence of system disturbances/uncertainties. The controllers are rigorously proven to be able to achieve stable ti...