this study was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary putrescine (put) on broiler’s response fed low crude protein (cp) diets. a total of 192 male day old chicks were fed with four dietary treatments including two levels of put (0 and 0.03%) and two levels of cp (normal and low) with factorial combinations. weekly growth performance, nutrient digestibility and intestinal morphology (...

the reliability of gene expression profiling based technologies and methods to find transcriptional differences representative for the original samples is influenced by the quality of the extracted rna. hence, rna extraction is the first step to investigate the gene expression and its function. consequently, the quality of extracted rna is really significant. correspondingly, this research was ...

in the paper, the contents of calcium (ca), magnesium (mg), zinc (zn), copper (cu), iron (fe),manganese (mn), chromium (cr), lead (pb), cadmium (cd), aluminium (al), and nickel (ni) were determinedin the meat of roe deers, wild boars, and hares coming from central region of poland. measurements werecarried out using atomic absorption spectrometry. the ranges of median values found for the conce...

thyroid tissue located within the upper airway has received only sparse attention in the english literature. aberrant benign thyroid masses may present as either an unrelated autopsy finding or with symptoms such as dyspnea, hemoptysis or adult -onset asthma. there is no place for medical management in the therapy of these lesions, although the appropriate surgical procedure is not clearly esta...

the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of administering antioxidants, including vitamin c and chitosan on oxidative stress markers in muscle as edible tissues of cyprinus carpio exposed to cadmium chloride. in this experiment, by exposing to 0.2 mg/l cadmium chloride for 21 days, fish were fed a normal diet, diet containing chitosan (1000 mg/kg diet), vitamin c (1000 mg/kg diet) o...

introduction: the effect of severe soft tissue injury on the severity of hemorrhagic shock is still unknown. therefore, the present study was aimed to determine hemodynamic and metabolic changes in traumatic/hemorrhagic shock in an animal model. methods: forty male rats were randomly divided into 4 equal groups including sham, hemorrhagic shock, soft tissue injury, and hemorrhagic shock + soft ...

results the mean age of patients was 60 ± 9.9 years. statistically significant relationship between the occurrence of af with mitral valve annulus, la volume index (lavi) , right ventricle function, and type of surgery (off pump or on pump) were detected in our study (p < 0.05) . there was no statistically significant relationship between the occurrence of af and time interval of p wave to a wa...

standard protocols should be established for treating eligible stroke patients with tissue plasminogen activator (tpa) (recommendation class i, level of evidence b). the iranian standard protocol of intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (ivttpa) is the best possible and easy to use method for performing intravenous thrombolysis in iran. this protocol overcomes p...

several factors including cancer, malformations and traumas may cause large facial mutilation. these functional and aesthetic deformities negatively affect the psychological perspectives and quality of life of the mutilated patient. conventional treatments are prone to fail aesthetically and functionally. the recent introduction of the composite tissue allotransplantation (cta), which uses tran...

background dedifferentiation of chondrocytes remains a major problem for cartilage tissue engineering. chondrocytes loss differentiated phenotype in in vitro culture that is undesired for repair strategies. the chondrocyte is surrounded by a pericellular matrix (pcm), together forming the chondron. pcm has a positive effect on the maintenance of chondrocyte phenotype during culture in compariso...