Concerns about the safe use of clinical ultrasound (US) at diagnostic pressure levels (below a mechanical index, or MI, = 1.9) have stimulated considerable research in US risk assessment. The objective of the present study was to develop probability-based risk thresholds for US safety studies, to present statistical methods for estimating the thresholds and their standard errors and to compare ...

Abstract In this paper, the industrial green efficiency of each province is measured by non-radial SBM model, and then makes a tobit regression environmental regulations with efficiency. Finally, heterogeneity region are analyzed.

In recent years, there has been an abundance of research that has used Poisson models and its variants (negative binomial and zero-inflated models) to improve our understanding of the factors that affect accident frequencies on roadway segments. This study explores the application of an alternate method, tobit regression, by viewing vehicle accident rates directly (instead of frequencies) as a ...

the aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting timely repayment of agricultural loans in fars province. the necessary data was obtained from agricultural bank as well as through 163 questionnaires, filled out in fars-province. the farmers were divided in to timely repayment and defaulter groups while standard tobit model being used for the study. the dependent variable in this m...

HERE WE PRESENT the likelihood function used to estimate the parameters of the demand model. The model can be thought of as a system of four “standard” equations: (i) a tobit down payment equation (with censoring at the minimum down), (ii) a probit purchase equation, (iii) a tobit repayment equation (with censoring at full payment or at the end of our sample), and (iv) a linear price negotiatio...

In many applications, the response variable is observed only when it is above or below a given threshold otherwise the threshold itself is observed. Tobit median regression model is a useful semiparametric procedure for analyzing this type of censored data. We propose a simple nonparametric test for assessing the common linearity assumption in this model. Compared to those existing methods in t...

140f 2 The aim of this study is to analyze the level of environmental, economic, and social engagement disclosed by local governments, taking into account factors such as political ideology and media pressure. We analyzed 102 large Spanish municipalities, using data from 2011. An econometric model is used based on dependency techniques for cross-sectional data. The Tobit technique is suitable, ...

Data augmentation and Gibbs sampling are two closely related, sampling-based approaches to the calculation of posterior moments. The fact that each produces a sample whose constituents are neither independent nor identically distributed complicates the assessment of convergence and numerical accuracy of the approximations to the expected value of functions of interest under the posterior. In th...

One of the difficult challenges facing management and researchers today is how to justify costly investments in information technology (IT). This paper presents an approach to investigating the effects of IT on technical efficiency in a firm’s production process through a two-stage analytical study with a firm-level data set. In the first stage, a nonparametric frontier method of data envelopme...