Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains one of the largest preventable burdens of disease in the world. It is perceived as a disease of childhood, acquired by streptococcal throat infection of the tonsillo-pharynx, leading to an inflammatory reaction that involves many organs, including the heart. However, cases in children of 5 to 14 years of age are likely to represent only 15% to 20% of all ca...

IMPORTANCE Helicobacter pylori colonization contributes significantly to multiple disease states, but its role in the development of tonsillar infection is unclear. Understanding the causes of chronic tonsillitis is important in clinical decision making of this commonly treated disease. OBJECTIVE To assess the correlation between H pylori colonization of tonsillar tissue in chronic tonsilliti...

Shawl, in his examination of the tissues from a girl aged 15 who died of rheumatic fever and chorea, found a few Aschoff nodules in the outer layers of the fibrous capsule of the tonsil. There was no evidence of any damage to the nearby fibres of the superior constrictor muscle of the pharynx. Graff2 has described rheumatic lesions in the peritonsillar tissues of a man aged 22 who died 16 days ...

Introduction: Lymphoma is a common malignant tumor of the head and neck occurring during childhood. Early diagnosis is very important in terms of prognosis in patients with tonsillar lymphoma.Our objective was to evaluate the clinical manifestations of pediatric tonsillar lymphoma according to different age groups.  Materials and Methods: A systematic review of available English, Spanish, or Po...

Microlaryngeal surgery is a common and relatively safe otorhinolaryngological surgery. Its common complications include pain and numbness of the tongue, bruising of the lip, and chipped teeth. However, reports of subcutaneous emphysema of the neck with pneumomediastinum following microlaryngeal surgery are rare. A 69-year-old female developed swelling of her left-side cheek and neck after micro...

The circular band of lymphoid tissue within the pharynx consisting of the adenoids, the palatine tonsils (Figure 1), and lingual tonsils is known as Waldeyer’s ring. The palatine tonsils are lymphoid tissue with prominent germinal centers and the palatine tonsils, in contrast to the lingual tonsils and adenoids, have a distinct capsule1which separates the tonsils from the lateral pharyngeal wal...

Chronic tonsillar diseases are an important health problem, leading to large numbers of surgical procedures worldwide. Little is known about pathogenesis of these diseases. In order to investigate the role of respiratory viruses in chronic adenotonsillar diseases, we developed a cross-sectional study to determine the rates of viral detections of common respiratory viruses detected by TaqMan rea...

Plasma knife (PK) assisted UPPP is a modification of the procedure original described by Fujita for snoring. Plasma knife is used for tonsillectomy, hemostasis and to reduce scar contracture lowering incidence of dehiscence (1%) as a result of the reduced thermal injury. Cold knife resection of uvula is limited to the anterior mucosa and any submucosal; preserving the muscularis uvulae and post...

Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) has been identified as the primary target of HIV-1 infection. To investigate why GALT is especially vulnerable to HIV-1, and to determine whether the selective transmission of CCR5-using viral variants (R5) in vivo is the result of a greater susceptibility of GALT to this viral variant, we performed comparative studies of CXCR4-using (X4) and R5 HIV-1 infec...

Foreign bodies in the throat are common emergencies in ear nose and throat practice. Usual foreign bodies includes coin, bone piece, fish bone, nails, button, glass pieces, denture, ear ring, chain, pins and needles . There are very few reported cases of a foreign body in the tonsillar substance. Pharyngeal foreign bodies get lodged in the mucosa and may not be visible on routine ENT examinatio...