background: natural methods of wastewater treatment, such as wetlands, are simple, cheap and acceptable for developing countries, especially small and remote cities. the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of typha latifolica in subsurface flow constructed wetland for wastewater treatment. methods: in this experimental research, the efficiency of typha latifolica in subsurface flow...

A total of 720 whole, romaine lettuce heads were purchased from retail locations in the Upper Midwest and assessed for coliform and Escherichia coli contamination and for the presence of E. coli O157:H7. During a 16-month period (August 2010 through December 2011), coliform and E. coli counts were enumerated on Petrifilm, and the presence of E. coli O157:H7 and the virulence gene eae was evalua...

Bacterial whole-cell biosensors were used to measure the concentration of chlortetracycline (CTC) in the feces of pigs. In this study, the Escherichia coli biosensor used has a detection limit of 0.03 mg/kg CTC in pig feces. The tetracycline concentration was correlated with the appearance and maintenance of fecal coliform bacteria resistant to tetracycline. Initially, large quantities of water...

background: contamination of swimming pools’ water can lead to the transfer of different diseases to humans. the aim of this study was to investigate the quality of water in kerman swimming pools. methods: in this cross-sectional study, sampling from swimming pools was performed before and after swimming, every week. total number of samples collected was 150 samples. samples were investigated i...

Data from a study of five stations on the Spoon River, Ill., during June 1971 through May 1973 were analyzed for compliance with Illinois Pollution Control Board's water quality standards of a geometric mean limitation of 200 fecal coliforms per 100 ml. This bacterial limit was achieved about 20% of the time during June 1971 through May 1972, and was never achieved during June 1972 through May ...

The fate of viruses and pathogens discharged into the ocean in municipal effluent is not known for certain. They probably become inactivated in the same manner that coliform bacteria are—through sedimentation, predation by marine bacteria and filter-feeders, damage by ultraviolet light or abrupt changes from reducing to oxidizing environment, or because of some antiviral agent present in the se...

Two holding media were compared for their effects on total coliform recovery by the delayed-incubation membrane filter procedure. LES-MF holding medium contains tryptone, m-Endo broth, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium benzoate, sulfanilamide, para-aminobenzoic acid, and cycloheximide (pH 7.0). m-ST holding medium contains ethanol, sodium monophosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sulf...

The aim of the present work is to study the antibiotic resistance, plasmid and RAPD profiles of the multidrug resistant (MDR) Coliform bacteria isolated from raw and treated sewage of Ghaziabad city, India. The MDR bacterial population in the raw and treated sewage constituted 7.5% and 19.1% of the total Coliform bacteria respectively. Five MDR Coliform bacteria (2 from raw and 3 from treated s...