The thriving contemporary enterprise of Consciousness Studies owes its success in large measure to two late 20th-century intellectual developments in cognitive science and its allied philosophy of mind: a growing interest in the study of the neurobiological processes that underlie consciousness and cognition, and the rehabilitation of first-person approaches to the study of consciousness associ...

At the tum of the present century one problem, the so-called problem of the existence of the world, lay at the center of philosophical argument. The dominance of those who took the idealist side in this dispute, both in Germany and in England, was then rapidly being brought to an end with the works of Brentano, Meinong, Frege, Moore, and Russell, all of whom can be seen as having expressed, in ...

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Résumé thinking, therefore, demonstrates that there is no logically coherent basis for the invention/ convention distinction that is all too often used to support the traditional belief that a musicologist’s sole task is merely the second-level analytical interpretation of musical compositions already so inventively brought into being by artists. This is an attitude that neatly excludes musicol...

the ideal theory is plato’s most important philosophical view involving his allegory of the cave. he tried much to explain this theory and present arguments in order to prove it. however, his views on the proof arguments and the concrete materials with ideals suffer from shortcomings. the present paper argues that the critiques of aristotle, avicenna, and allamah tabatabaee against this theory ...