turbulent fluxes in the atmospheric boundary layer are calculated using different models. one of the most popular and operational models in this groundwork is the second order turbulent model of mellor and yamada that has been widely used to simulate the planetary boundary layer (pbl). despite its popularity, it has been shown that this model has several weeknesses that affect its accuracy. the...

singular perturbation problems have been studied by many mathematicians. since the approximate solutions of these problems are as the sum of internal solution (boundary layer area) and external ones, the formation or non-formation of boundary layers should be specified. this paper, investigates this issue for a singular perturbation problem including a first order differential equation with gen...

In this paper a laminar flow of water on an ice layer subjected to a slip condition is considered numerically. The paper describes a parametric mathematical model to simulate the coupled heat and mass transfer events occurring in moving boundary problems associated with a quasi steady state steady flow process. The discretization technique of the elliptic governing differential equations of mas...

The effect of a transverse magnetic field on the boundary layer flow and heat transfer of anisothermal stretching cylinder is analyzed. The governing partial differential equations for themagnetohydrodynamic, temperature, and concentration boundary layers are transformed into a setof ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations. The obtained ordinarydifferential equations ar...

The boundary layer is the part of the atmosphere that is in direct contact with the ground via turbulent motion. At mid-latitudes the boundary layer is usually one or a few kilometers deep, while in the Arctic it is much more shallow, typically a few hundred meters or less. The reason is that here the absolute temperature increases in the lowest kilometer, making the boundary layer semi-permane...