INTRODUCTION The conversion of synthesis gas to methanol is practiced commercially in gas phase fixed bed reactors over a Cu/Zn/Al,O1 catalyst. However, because of the highly exothermic nature of the synthesis reactions, heat dissipation has been a bottleneck in the reactor design and process configuration. Moreover, coalderived synthesis gas, having a low H,/CO ratio, is not suitable for use i...

The Trickle algorithm allows nodes in a lossy shared medium (e.g., low-power and lossy networks) to exchange information in a highly robust, energy efficient, simple, and scalable manner. Dynamically adjusting transmission windows allows Trickle to spread new information on the scale of link-layer transmission times while sending only a few messages per hour when information does not change. A ...

water crisis is one of the basic problems in the arid and drought prone areas like iran. this condition in the recent years has aggravated due to drought phenomenon. thus, using poor water quality has increased in areas where good quality is not available. in this study, in order to investigate clogging, 5 types of emitters including micro flapper, netafim, corona, axios and iran drip were test...

factor  is introduced for direct head loss calculation and sizing in dual-diameter laterals of sprinkler and trickle irrigation systems when the hazen-williams equation is to be applied. application of this factor prevents trial and error and uses fewer head-loss equations in calculating the total friction loss and designing dual-diameter laterals. the proposed factor is a function of total num...

Given the dynamic nature of the mission of a wireless sensor network (WSN), and of the environment in which it is usually deployed, network reprogramming is an important activity that enables the WSN to adapt to the mission and/or environment. One important component of a reprogramming protocol is code dissemination and maintenance, during which new code is propagated to relevant WSN nodes. Sev...

Biological methanation of renewable H2 and CO2 has been projected to have considerable potential in future energy systems by coupling power gas infrastructures. A suitable technology facilitate the biological is ex-situ trickle bed reactor which a methanogenic biofilm produces CH4 from CO2. Biofilm irrigation constitutes critical element for control previously shown both enhance decrease perfor...

We consider settings where electric vehicle drivers participate in a market mechanism to charge their vehicles. Existing work typically assumes that participants are fully rational and can report their charging preferences accurately. However, this may not be reasonable in settings with non-experts. To explore this, we design a novel game called Bid2Charge and compare a fully expressive interfa...