Broad geographic patterns in egg and clutch mass are poorly described, and potential causes of variation remain largely unexamined. We describe interspecific variation in avian egg and clutch mass within and among diverse geographic regions and explore hypotheses related to allometry, clutch size, nest predation, adult mortality, and parental care as correlates and possible explanations of vari...

Global warming leads to increased intensity and frequency of weather extremes. Such increased environmental variability might in turn result in increased variation in the demographic rates of interacting species with potentially important consequences for the dynamics of food webs. Using a theoretical approach, we here explore the response of food webs to a highly variable environment. We inves...

A rapid solid-phase radioimmunoassay for staphylococcal enterotoxin A is described. The assay procedure requires 3 to 4 h for completion by using a competitive inhibition system in which the antibody is attached to bromacetyl cellulose particles. It is accurate to a level of 0.01 mug of enterotoxin A/ml in a variety of media such as ham, milk products, crab meat, custard, etc. No significant in...

By P. A. MAPLESTONE, d.s.o., m.b., ch.B., d.t.m. (From the Hookworm Research Laboratory, School of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Calcutta) The only worms considered in this paper are the common intestinal nematodes of man. The cure of these helminthic infections is established by the inability of the observer to find in the stools after treatment the characteristic eggs of the species under co...

The 3M Petrifilm Staph Express Count plate method was compared with AOAC Official Method 975.55 for the enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus in selected foods. Four foods--cooked, diced chicken; cured ham; smoked salmon; and pepperoni--were analyzed for S. aureus by 12 collaborating laboratories. For each food tested, the collaborators received 8 blind test samples consisting of a control sampl...

BACKGROUND Urban living affects children's nutrition and growth, which are determinants of their survival, cognitive development, and lifelong health. Little is known about urban-rural differences in children's height and weight, and how these differences have changed over time. We aimed to investigate trends in children's height and weight in rural and urban settings in low-income and middle-i...

BACKGROUND Less is known about mass drug administration [MDA] for neglected tropical diseases [NTDs] than is suggested by those so vigorously promoting expansion of the approach. This paper fills an important gap: it draws upon local level research to examine the roll out of treatment for two NTDs, schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths, in Uganda. METHODS Ethnographic research was un...

This study sought to compare intake levels of major dish items and food groups between normal and obese Korean children in order to understand obesity-related eating behaviors. The study was also conducted to apply the information on the differences in major dish items and food groups found in this study to development of a brief food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for children's obesity-related...