We present results from nanometer-scale tunnel junctions fabricated using organic self-assembled monolayers ~SAMs! as tunnel barriers. Single junctions have resistances consistent with tunneling through a single layer of molecules. In several devices, a gold nanoparticle nucleated within the SAM barrier. Such samples allow a sensitive test of mechanical stability—some are sufficiently stable to...

SPEAR 3 is an upgrade of the 18-cell SPEAR 2 storage ring to 3GeV beam energy, 18nm-radian emittance and up to 500mA circulating current. The existing arrangement of photon beam lines remains largely unchanged, but opportunities arise for additional ID and dipole radiation exit ports. For optimum beam stability, the entire tunnel floor will be excavated and replaced with reinforced concrete. Th...

Tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) devices were processed by sputter deposition of Co, Al and NiFe on oxidized Si wafers. After the Al deposition, an ex-situ oxidation in air at room temperature or an in-situ oxidation enhanced by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation in high purity oxygen at 100 mbar follows. The electrical and magnetic properties of the junctions are measured and discussed concerning spec...

Several anatomical anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction techniques have been proposed to restore normal joint kinematics. However, the relative superiorities of these techniques with one another and traditional single-bundle reconstructions are unclear. Kinematic responses of five previously reported reconstruction techniques (single-bundle reconstruction using a bone-patellar tendon...

The optimization design of the section morphology of large-span tunnels plays an important role for saving cost and improving the engineering stability. The flat ratio of tunnel which is as an important control index, its rationality is the key problem in the design of tunnels. Program with Python to set up the dynamic calculation model of a large-span tunnel planned to be constructed which can...

Nowadays tunnel structural inspections are executed based on visual (human) inspections. This is a slow process, labor expensive and subjective, while requiring lane/rail shutdown during the inspection. ROBO-SPECT is an EC co-funded research project (FP7 ICT – 611145) that, driven by the tunnel inspection industry, adapts and integrates recent research results in intelligent control in robotics...

BACKGROUND Among the many factors that determine the outcome following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, the position of the femoral tunnel is known to be critically important and is still the subject of extensive research. OBJECTIVE We aimed to retrospectively compare the outcomes of arthroscopic ACL reconstruction using transtibial (TT) or anteromedial (AMP) drilling techniqu...

Tunnel monitoring is an important task in civil engineering that aims at determining the stability and safety of a structure by using information about its deformations. In this paper we present the development and the results of a fast method for displacement measurement based on digital images, which allows a deformation analysis along the cross-sections of a tunnel. This technique was create...