Compared with active prostheses, passive compliant ankle prostheses offer the advantages of reduced energy consumption, a lighter weight, simple structure, and lower costs. However, although various commercial products are available, these designs do not provide adequate degrees freedom (DOFs) for movement. This paper presents ankle–foot prosthesis (CPAF) capable 2-DOF rotation during locomotio...

The navigation of autonomous mobile machines, which are referred to as robots, through unknown terrains, i.e., terrains whose models are not a priori known is considered. We deal with point-sized robots in twoand three-dimensional terrains and circular robots in two-dimensional terrains. The two-dimensional (three-dimensional) terrains are finite-sized and populated by an unknown, hut, finite, ...

Terrains have a key role in making outdoor virtual scenes believable and immersive as they form the support for every other natural element in the scene. Although important, terrains are often given limited interactivity in real-time applications. However, in nature, terrains are dynamic and interact with the rest of the environment changing shape on different levels, from tracks left by a pers...

Terrains are often modeled by triangulations and one of the criteria is that: triangulation should have “nice shape”. Delaunay triangulation is a good way to formalize nice shape. Another criterion is slope fidelity in terrains. In natural terrains there are no abrupt changes in slope. A triangulation for a terrain should use triangles of nice shape and have slope fidelity. To achieve these cha...

I have used the SALE2D hydrocode to study spall in impacts into layered terrains. Application of my results to the problem of martiaji meteorite provenance resolves two outstanding paradoxes. First, the minimum size crater previously thought to be required to eject martian meteorites is so large (12 km) that it is highly unlikely such an event occurred on shergottite age terrain in the Icist fe...

[1] Groundwater flow on Mars likely contributed to the formation of several types of morphologic and mineralogic features, including chaotic terrains, valley networks, Meridiani Planum geologic units and, potentially, sulfate and phyllosilicate deposits. A central issue for these features is the spatial scale of groundwater flow required for their formation. For groundwater simulation purposes,...

Rivers are important water resources for human life, but sometimes cause irreparable damages. The flood plains are fertile terrains which are endangered by flood. Flood hazard mapping is one of the basic methods in flood fighting. In order to decline flood damages, the simulation of the hydraulic behavior of the rivers during flood occurrence is very important. In this study, areas that are flo...